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A級(jí)考前技巧輔導(dǎo)-語法
語法在考試中也占有相當(dāng)?shù)谋壤?今天我們就來看看語法部分.?
從歷年全真試題分析看，三級(jí)考試語法考查重點(diǎn)是時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞、定語從句、狀語從句、虛擬語氣、主謂一致、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、反意疑問句、代詞、 形容詞和副詞等。現(xiàn)逐一分析。??
一、時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)??
本部分的考查重點(diǎn)是：?
過去完成時(shí)：常和before, after, until, when等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用,其謂語動(dòng)作一般表示過去。?
（by the time/the end of）+表示過去時(shí)間的短語或句子。?
hardly/scarcely＋過去完成時(shí)＋when＋過去時(shí)；no sooner＋過去完成時(shí)＋than＋過去時(shí)。
▲ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：?
狀語詞組：this day(week, month, year), so far, for some time, up to now, up to the present, all this year等。?
▲ 將來完成時(shí)：常和before, until, when, after 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用，其謂語動(dòng)作一般表示將來。?
by(the time/the end of)＋表示將來時(shí)間的短語或句子。?
1）By the end of this month, we surely____ a satisfactory solution to the problem.
A．have found B．will be finding C．will have found D．a(chǎn)re finding?
答案C。?
2）Until then, ____his family from him for six months.?
A．didn’t hear B．hasn’t been hearing C．hasn’t heard D．hadn’t heard?
答案D。?
3）It seems oil ____from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.?
A．havd leaked B．is leaking C．leaked D．has been leaking?
答案D。?
4）The conference ____ a full week by the time it ends.?
A．must have lasted B．will have lasted C．would last D．has lasted?
答案B。??
二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞??
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的測試重點(diǎn)：?
should(ought to)+have+p.p.表示“對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的責(zé)備、驚奇或推測”以及表示“應(yīng)該發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生的事情”。?
▲ might/could+have+p.p.表示“過去可能發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生的事情”。?
▲ must+have+p.p.表示“對(duì)過去事件的推論”，只用于肯定句。否定句和疑問句需用can’t和can.?
▲ needn’t +have+p.p.表示“做了不必做的事”。?
1）The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned.?
A．can’t have been B．shouldn’t have been?C．mustn’t have been D．wouldn’t have been?
答案A。?
2）With all this work on hand, he ____ to the cinema last night.?
A．mustn’t go B．wouldn’t go C．oughtn’t go D．shouldn’t have gone?
答案D。??
三、動(dòng)詞不定式??
本部分的考查重點(diǎn)是不定式的完成式，進(jìn)行式和被動(dòng)式。?
1）Mrs. brown is supposed ____for Italy last week.?
A．to have left B．to be leaving C．to leave D．to have been left?
答案A。?
2）I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem ____all the time.?
A．to get worse B．getting worse?C．to have got worse D．to be getting worse?
答案D。?
3）Mr Johnson preferred ____ heavier work to do.?
A．to be given B．to give C．to have given D．having given?
答案A。?
4）A Dream of the Red Chamber is said ____ into dozens of languages in the last decade.?
A．to have been translated B．to translate?C．to be translated D．to have translated?
答案A。??
四、分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）??
(一）分詞作狀語?
當(dāng)分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯上的主語一般須與句子的主語保持一致，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、讓步和伴隨情況等。?
1）Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ____.?
A．scolding B．to scold C．having scolded D．scolded?
答案D。?
2） ____such a good chance, he planned to learn more.?
A．To be given B．Having been given C．Having given D．Giving?
答案B。?
（二）分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)?
當(dāng)分詞短語作狀語時(shí)，它邏輯上的主語一般與句子的主語不一致，分詞短語前需帶其邏輯主語，構(gòu)成分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨情況等。?
1）A new technique____ ,the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.?
A．working out B．having worked out?C．having been worked out D．to have been worked out?
答案C。?
2）All things ____ , the planned trip will have to be called off.?
A．considered B．be considered?C．considering D．having considered?
答案A。?
3）Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ____ it closely.?
A．followed B．following C．to follow D．being followed?
答案B。?
（三）分詞短語作定語和賓補(bǔ)?
1）If I correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and self
-restraint as if I were the one ____.?
A．to correct B．correcting C．having corrected D．being corrected?
答案D。?
2）The manager promised to keep me ____ of how our business was going on.
A．to be informed B．on informing?C．informed D．informing?
答案C。?
（四）With+名詞（代詞）＋V－ed或V－ing?
1）After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys ____ to go to school.?
A．to be encouraged B．encouraged?C．been encouraged D．be encouraged?
答案B。?
(五)動(dòng)名詞?
本部分的考查重點(diǎn)是：?
只跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞：admit, include, acknowledge, risk, avoid, appreciate, consider, deny, escape, fancy, favour, hate, understand, miss, resent, delay, suggest, endure, imagine, mind, mention, dislike, postpone, excuse, practise, involve, confess, enjoy.?difficulty?trouble?have a good / hard time=a struggle?no business?
pleasure(in)＋v －ing?
1）They are considering ____ before the prices go up.?
A．of buying the house B．with buying the house?C．buying the house D．to buy the house?
答案C。?
2）Mark often attempts to escape____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.?
A．having been fined B．to have been fined?C．to be fined D．being fined?
答案D。?
3）It’s no use____ &
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