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倒裝英語語法解讀

時(shí)間:2023-05-06 15:12:24 英語語法 我要投稿
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倒裝英語語法解讀

  英語語法:倒裝

倒裝英語語法解讀

  14.1 倒裝句之全部倒裝

  全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動(dòng)詞全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和 一般過去時(shí)。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有:

  1) here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。

  There goes the bell.

  Then came the chairman.

  Here is your letter.

  2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首,謂語表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。

  Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

  Ahead sat an old woman.

  注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞,如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。

  Here he comes. Away they went.

  英語語法經(jīng)典例題800例:非謂語動(dòng)詞(例題1)

  【導(dǎo)語】英語語法讓很多學(xué)生都頭疼,因?yàn)閺?fù)雜難懂的句式和詞組有時(shí)難以記憶。為大家整理了英語語法大全,希望對同學(xué)們的英語語法學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。更多內(nèi)容盡在。

  1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.

  A. enter B. to enter

  C. entering D. entered

  【陷阱】容易誤選A。有的同學(xué)一看到空格前的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could 就斷定此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形 enter。

  【分析】其實(shí)正確答案應(yīng)是B。此句為省略句,即在 could 后省略了動(dòng)詞 do,若把句子補(bǔ)完整應(yīng)為Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短語(to enter a good college)是用作目的狀語的,而不是與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(could)一起構(gòu)成謂語。請?jiān)倏搭愃评洌?/p>

  (1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他們盡量安慰她。

  (2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他們盡一切力量拯救她的性命。

  (3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命學(xué)習(xí)以便趕上他的同學(xué)。

  值得指出的是,這也并不是說今后只要遇到類似結(jié)構(gòu)的題就一定選帶to不定式。請看以下試題:

  (4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.

  A. to hope B. hope

  C. hoping D. hoped

  此題的答案是 C不是A,其中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴隨狀語。

  (5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.

  A. practise B. to practise

  C. practising D. practised

  此題答案選 C,這與前面動(dòng)詞 spent 的搭配有關(guān),即 spend … (in) doing sth。若將此句補(bǔ)充完整,即為 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.

  (6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could ____D____ his oral English.

  A. improve B. to improve

  C. improving D. to improving

  此題答案選D,注意兩點(diǎn):一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配,意為“把……貢獻(xiàn)給……”;二是其中的 to 是介詞,不是不定式符號,后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞。

  2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.

  A. doing B. to do

  C. being doing D. to be done

  【陷阱】容易誤選B,根據(jù) can’t help doing sth 這一結(jié)構(gòu)推出。

  【分析】其實(shí)答案應(yīng)選A。比較以下結(jié)構(gòu):

  can’t help to do sth = 不能幫助做某事

  can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事

  又如下面一題,答案也是 B:

  She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.

  A cleaning B. to clean

  C. cleaned D. being cleaned

  再請看以下試題:

  While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.

  A. to persuade B. persuading

  C. being persuaded D. be persuaded

  此題應(yīng)選C,句中的 can’t help 意為“禁不住”(注意根據(jù)句意用被動(dòng)形式)。

  3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.

  A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing

  C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing

  【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。

  【分析】此題最佳答案為B。現(xiàn)分析如下:

  (1) devote 意為“致力于,獻(xiàn)身于”,主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to,其中的to 是介詞,不是不定式符號,故后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞,不用不定式。

  (2) 選A錯(cuò)誤:若將 do 改為 doing 則可以。

  (3) 選B正確:all her time devoted to doing experiments為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),用作狀語。

  (4) 選C錯(cuò)誤:因?yàn)閍ll her time 與 devote 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)將devoting改為devoted。

  (5) 選D錯(cuò)誤:若單獨(dú)看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments,此句并沒有錯(cuò),但問題是逗號前后兩個(gè)簡單句沒有必要的連接方式,所以從整體上看仍不對,假若在后一句的句首加上and或so,則可選D,或?qū)將中的is 改為 being也可選它。

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