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六級(jí)聽力綜合歸納題解析
聽力綜合歸納題與推理判斷題一樣，都是大多數(shù)考生的考試難點(diǎn)。此題型測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)是從說話人的用詞、語氣和態(tài)度等方面來正確理解說話人所表達(dá)的基本意思，綜合歸納出說話人的真實(shí)意圖。這要求考生對(duì)聽力材料中的各種信息進(jìn)行綜合、歸納，然后在選項(xiàng)中作出正確的選擇。本文將就綜合歸納題型分別對(duì)CET－6聽力測(cè)試中的對(duì)話理解和短文理解進(jìn)行試題解析。
一．對(duì)話理解
結(jié)合CET －6聽力題的特點(diǎn)，分為以下幾種情況：
1．分析判斷已知信息中的語氣轉(zhuǎn)折。
【試題1】
M：By the way，Jane，did you talk to the consultant about our new health program？
W：I contacted his office，but his secretary said he would be out for lunch until two．
Q：What does the woman mean？
（A）She talked with the consultant about the new program until two．
（B）She could not talk to the consultant before two．
（C）She would talk to the consultant during lunch．
（D）She couldn't contact the consultant's secretary．（CET－6，2000，6）
【分析】表示語氣轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but是引導(dǎo)重要信息的信號(hào)詞。一般來說，but后面的句子才是說話者真正要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，也是回答問題的依據(jù)。所以回答該題的關(guān)鍵是對(duì)but后面句子意思的理解。從聽力材料上看，雖然I contacted his office對(duì)Did you talk to the consultant about our new health program？問題作了回答，但似乎回答得不夠令人滿意，而but his secretary said he would be out for lunch until two．才真正滿足了問話人所希望的信息。but后面的信息則對(duì)具體情況有了更清楚的說明。所以（B）She couldn't talk to the consultant before two．是正確答案。
2．在眾多信息中辨認(rèn)重要信息。
【試題1】
M：The new sales manager says he had never met you before．
W：We've been introduced about three times．He seems a little forgetful．
Q：What do we learn about the new sales manager？
（A）He is very forgiving and tolerant．
（B）He probably has a poor memory．
（C）He is well liked by his customers．
（D）He has been introduced to the staff.（CET－6，2000，6）
【分析】聽力材料中關(guān)于the new sales manager的信息有：he had never met you before．We've been introduced about three times．He seems a little forgetful．在眾多的信息中提煉主要信息就得用“末端中心”這一語言規(guī)律。He seems a little forgetful．是對(duì)話的信息中心，即主要信息。此外，選項(xiàng)（B）中的a poor memory和a little forgetful是同義轉(zhuǎn)換，它仿佛提醒考生要注意末端中心信息。選項(xiàng)（B） He probably has a poor memory．是正確答案。
“末端中心”是指在通過語言行為傳遞多條信息時(shí)，一般以最后一個(gè)信息片段為中心，目的是突出重要信息內(nèi)容，引起聽話人的注意。了解“末端中心”語言規(guī)律有助于我們從多條信息中迅速捕捉出其中的重要信息。
3．綜合歸納眾多信息。
【試題1】
W：This is Mrs Starched．
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