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考研綜合演練與答案詳解
碩士研究生教育按照培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的不同，分為學(xué)術(shù)型研究生和專業(yè)學(xué)位研究生。下面是小編整理的考研綜合演練與答案詳解，僅供參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。
考研綜合演練與答案詳解1
Passage 4
When your secretary invited me to come here, she told me that your Society is concerned with the employment of women and she suggested that I might tell you something about my own professional experiences.
1) __________________________________________________. For the road was cut many years ago ——by Fanny Burney, by Aphra Behn, by Harriet Martineau, by Jane Austen, by George Eliot—— many famous women, and many more unknown and forgotten, have been before me, making the path smooth, and regulating my steps.
2) __________________________________________________. The family peace was not broken by the scratching of a pen. No demand was made upon the family purse. For ten and sixpence one can buy paper enough to write all the plays of Shakespeare—— if one has a mind that way. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. The cheapness of writing paper is, of course, the reason why women have succeeded as writers before they have succeeded in the other professions.
But to tell you my story —— it is a simple one. You have only got to figure to yourselves a girl in a bedroom with a pen in her hand. Then it occurred to her to do what is simple and cheap enough after all—— to slip a few of those pages into an envelope, and drop the envelope into the red box at the corner. And my effort was rewarded on the first day of the following month by a letter from an editor containing a cheque for one pound ten shillings and sixpence.
3) __________________________________________________.
What could be easier than to write articles and to buy Persian cats with the profits? But wait a moment. Articles have to be about something. Mine, I seem to remember, was about a novel by a famous man. And while I was writing this review, I discovered that if I were going to review books I should need to do battle with a certain phantom. And the phantom was a woman, and when I came to know her better I called her after the heroine of a famous poem, The Angel in the house.
4) __________________________________________________.
5) __________________________________________________. She was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming. She sacrificed herself daily. And when I came to write I encountered her with the very first words. The shadow of her wings fell on my page; I heard the rustling of her skirts in the room….
[A] But to show you how little I deserve to be called a professional woman, how little I know of the struggles and difficulties of such lives, I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon bread and butter, rent, shoes and stockings, or butcher’s bills, I went out and bought a cat—— a beautiful cat, a Persian cat, which very soon involved me in bitter disputes with my neighbours.
[B] It is true I am a woman; it is true I am employed; but what professional experiences have I had? It is difficult to say. My profession is literature; and in that profession there are fewer experiences for women than in any other, with the exception of the stage—— fewer, I mean, that are peculiar to women.
[C] It was she who used to come between me and my paper when I was writhing reviews. It was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her.
[D] Thus, when I came to write, there were very few material obstacles in my way. Writing was a reputable and harmless occupation.
[E] But to continue my professional experiences. I made one pound ten and six by my first review; and I bought a Persian cat with the proceeds. Then I grew ambitious.
[F] You who come of a younger and happier generation may not have heard of her—— you may not know what I mean by the Angel in the House. I will describe her as shortly as I can.
[G] That indeed is one of the reasons why I have come here ——out of respect for you, who are in process of showing us by your experiments what a woman is, who are in process of providing us, by your failures and successes, with that extremely important piece of information.
【文章大意及結(jié)構(gòu)分析】
本文講述了作者如何在寫作中與舊意識進(jìn)行斗爭的經(jīng)驗。婦女從事寫作的經(jīng)驗很少。有些優(yōu)秀的女作家已經(jīng)把道路開辟出來；開始寫作時沒有障礙，寫作是件既便宜，又可名利雙收的事情。但所寫文章要有內(nèi)容，我寫的是書評。我一開始評論一本書，就要與一個幻影進(jìn)行搏斗，這個幻影是婦女，我稱之為“房間里的天使”（代表舊時代的女性形象）。這位天使是家庭的楷模，善良無私，富于同情心；每當(dāng)我開始評論一本書的時候，她就出現(xiàn)在我的筆和紙之間，對我悄悄地說：這是一本著名男人寫的書，溫柔些，不要尖銳，多贊美，少批評；她在指導(dǎo)著我的筆。她每每這樣打攪我，煩惱我，折磨我，我忍無可忍，最后把她殺了。年輕幸福的一代不會再遇到這樣的事了。
本文共分6段，作者文章主要采用“提出問題——分析原因——解決問題”的行文格式。在文章第一段提出問題，婦女從事寫作的經(jīng)驗很少。第二到第四段分析原因：道路已經(jīng)由其他的著名作家開辟出來；開始寫作時沒有障礙，寫作是件即便宜，又可名利雙收的事情。在第五段和第六段，作者講如何在寫作中與舊意識進(jìn)行搏斗，因為這些舊意識干擾寫作，最后徹底摒棄了它們。
【解題思路與答案詳解】
1) 【答案】[B]。本題在文章第二段的開始部分。它前一段講的是：在秘書邀請我來此時，告訴我你們協(xié)會關(guān)心婦女的就業(yè)問題，并建議我講一講我個人的從業(yè)經(jīng)驗。因此可以判斷，緊接著下面的文字，應(yīng)該是關(guān)于作者個人從業(yè)經(jīng)驗方面的內(nèi)容。在選項中只有選項[B]是這一內(nèi)容，它承接了上一段的內(nèi)容，與前面內(nèi)容有順承關(guān)系，銜接得非常自然。所以，選項[B]是正確答案。其意為：不錯，我是婦女；不錯，我有工作。但我有什么從業(yè)經(jīng)驗?zāi)�？我從事文學(xué)工作，這一職業(yè)比任何職業(yè)的經(jīng)驗都少。
2) 【答案】[D]。本題在文章的第三段的開始，第二段講的是，寫作事業(yè)的道路已經(jīng)被我以前的著名或無名的作家鋪平，我的步履也由他們調(diào)節(jié)好了(…many famous women, and many more unknown and forgotten, have been before me, making the path smooth, and regulating my steps.)。下文應(yīng)該按照這一思路，講我的寫作沒有什么困難之類的內(nèi)容，選項[D]正是這一內(nèi)容。而它后面的內(nèi)容是：The family peace was not broken by the scratching of a pen. No demand was made upon the family purse…(家庭的和睦沒有被沙沙的筆聲而打破，它也不要求家庭提供金錢…) 這是對上面harmless的解釋。本段落與上一個段落形成了順承關(guān)系，銜接得非常自然。從上下文判斷，這一選擇是正確的。所以選項[D]是正確答案。其意為：因此，當(dāng)我開始寫作時，幾乎沒有什么障礙。寫作是一項有名聲而無害的職業(yè)。
3) 【答案】[A]。本題在段落的結(jié)尾。這道題可以直接從文字的線索確定正確的選項。它后一段落的第一句是：What could be easier than to write articles and to buy Persian cats with the profits?（還有什么比寫文章，用稿酬買波斯貓更容易的`呢？）而它前面的一句是：...by a letter from an editor containing a cheque for one pound ten shillings and sixpence.(來自編輯的一封信，里面裝著一張1英鎊10先令6便士的支票)，根據(jù)上下文判斷，選項應(yīng)涉及買貓，也應(yīng)有cat這個詞，在選項中搜索，會很容易的發(fā)現(xiàn)選項[A]中幾次出現(xiàn)cat一詞，內(nèi)容也吻合。所以選項[A]是正確答案。其意為：為了說明我多么不配稱為一個職業(yè)婦女，我對社會的困難多么無知，我不得不承認(rèn)，我沒有用這筆錢買食物，付房租，買鞋子…而是出去買了一只貓，一只漂亮的貓，一只波斯貓…。
4) 【答案】[C]。本題在段落的結(jié)尾處，又因為下一段落的開始也是一道題目，所以只能根據(jù)它的上文來推測其內(nèi)容。上文講，文章要有內(nèi)容，我的文章是關(guān)于一位著名作家的小說。每當(dāng)我評論書籍時，就感覺我要與某個幻影交戰(zhàn)。這個幻影是一婦女，當(dāng)我逐步對她了解多了，我根據(jù)一首著名的詩，稱之為“房間里的天使”。下面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是關(guān)于這個幻影或“天使”的。在剩余4個選項中，只有選項[C]符合這一內(nèi)容，它與上文非常吻合，是前面句組內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展，與之有順承關(guān)系。所以選項[C]是正確答案。其意為：在我寫評論時，是她總是出現(xiàn)在我與我的稿紙中間。是她每每這樣打攪我，煩惱我，浪費我的時間，折磨我，我忍無可忍，最后把她殺了。
5) 【答案】[F]。本題應(yīng)與上一題結(jié)合起來解答。根據(jù)本題后面的內(nèi)容：她極富同情心。她特別的嬌媚。她每天都在犧牲自己�！⊿he was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming. She sacrificed herself daily….）其中的代詞She都指代上文中的the Angel in the House，所以應(yīng)以此為線索，在剩余3個選項中選擇，選項[F]是正確答案。其意為：你們年輕幸福的一代可能沒有聽說過她。
考研綜合演練與答案詳解2
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.
In a plan calledStation Renaissancethat it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.
The company also plans to introduce __14__cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
答案
1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A
11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
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