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15個(gè)托福(TOEFL)考試語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題總結(jié)
1.in the United States voters election representatives to the national legislature , which consists of the House of Representatives and the Snate.
Election-〉elect(句子成分殘缺)
觀察主句,發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)。Representatives因?yàn)橛衧,所以不是形容詞而是名詞。于是就出現(xiàn)了三個(gè)名詞voters election representatives無(wú)標(biāo)點(diǎn)相連的情況。這種情況很罕見(jiàn),我們因該對(duì)它很敏感。思考一下就知道中間的名詞變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞,即Election-〉elect
2.Her work in genetics won United States scientist Barbara McClintock ---- - in 1983.
(A) was the Nobel Prize
(B) the Nobel Prize was
(C) the Nobel Prize
(D) for the Nobel Prize
選c(雙賓語(yǔ))
大家要注意雙賓語(yǔ)的考法。動(dòng)詞后面直接接兩個(gè)名詞。而且看題干,已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,除非要填的部分中有從句引導(dǎo)詞,否則不可出現(xiàn)BE動(dòng)詞,排除A.B.而D又明顯錯(cuò)誤,因 為Nobel Prize為B.M的雙賓語(yǔ)。
參考譯文:美國(guó)科學(xué)家B.M.在基因方面的研究工作為她自己贏得了1983年的諾貝爾獎(jiǎng).
這題可以多讀兩遍,有助于大家培養(yǎng)正確的語(yǔ)感。另外大家要格外注意像give這類的詞。可以說(shuō)give sth to sb,也可以說(shuō)give sb sth
3.--- usually thought to end in northern New Mexico, the Rocky Mountains really extend southward to the frontier of Mexico.
(A) Despite
(B) To be
(C) While
(D) However
選c(連詞)
分析:A.despite 為介詞,后面要加名詞形式的東東,e.g.Despite usually being thought to end in ...而這里的thought 是過(guò)去分詞,不是動(dòng)名詞,所以不對(duì)。
B.to be 是目的狀語(yǔ),不能表達(dá)出轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
C.while可表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的conj.
D.however 是轉(zhuǎn)折連詞,不能用于引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。
參考譯文:洛基山脈通常被認(rèn)為是延伸到新墨西哥州的北邊,但它實(shí)際上一直向南延伸到了墨西哥的邊界。
4.Complex spacecraft are characterized by a various of supporting systems,including communications,guidance and navigation,altitude control,and ,in some cases,life-support systems.
Various-〉variety(介詞前為名詞)
這種題屬于簡(jiǎn)單體,在考試中分?jǐn)?shù)不少,是一定要拿下來(lái)的。看到后面有介詞,前面的詞一定要是名詞性質(zhì)。在此單獨(dú)列出,希望大家在考場(chǎng)上對(duì)這個(gè)考點(diǎn)能有很強(qiáng)的條件反射。
5. During the Pleistocene glacial periods _____ portions of the Earth where plant and animal life flourished making it possible for people to subsist.
(A) the
(B) it was
(C) there were
(D) have there been
選c。分析句子成分后發(fā)現(xiàn)缺主謂。C顯然是正確的。D的倒裝很明顯錯(cuò)
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