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p開(kāi)頭的句子
第一篇:p開(kāi)頭的英文句子
A. 1 He is busy. 2 He is learning English. 3 He has a new book. 4 He lives in the country. 5 He will see you tomorrow. 6 He can understand you. 7 He must write a letter. 8 He may come next week. 9 He does a lot of work every day. 10 He did a lot of work yesterday. 11 He played football yesterday. 12 He bought a new coat last week. 13 He has had a letter from Tom. 14 He was busy this morning. 15 He could play football very well when he was younger. 16 He always tries to get up early. 17 He might see you next week. 18 He always enjoys a good film. 19 He had finished his work before you came. 20 He watches television every night. B. 1 some 2 a 3 some 4 any 5 a 6 some 7 a 8 any 9 any 10 any C. 1 I haven`t got much butter. 2 You haven`t got many cigarettes. 3 We haven`t got much milk. 4 She hasn`t got many biscuits. 5 They haven`t got much stationery. D. 1 bought 2 aired 3 lost 4 listened 5 emptied E. 1 Did he bought a new car? What did he bought? He didn`t bought a new car. 2 Can she come tomorrow? When can she come? She can`t come tomorrow. 3 Were they here yesterday?When were they here?They weren`t here yesterday. 4 Must he leave early? Why must he leave early?He mustn`t leave early. 5 Did he give you a pen? What did he give you?He didn`t give you a pen. 6 Does he live next door?Where does he live?He doesn`t live next door. 7 Do you know him well?How well do you konw him?You don`t konw him well. 8 Has he found his pen?What has he found?He hasn`t found his pen. 9 Did you see that film?When did you see that film?You didn`t see that film. 10 Did he arrive at two o`clock?When did he arrive?He didn`t arrive at two o`clock. F. 1 slowly 2 lazily 3 badly 4 carefully 5 suddenly G. 1 He`ll... 2 She`ll... 3 I`ll... 4 He won`t... 5 We shan`t... H. 1 his 2 mine 3 hers 4 theirs 5 yours I. 1 cooler 2 wetter 3 later 4 easier 5 more expensive 6 larger 7 more interesting 8 prettier 9 more beautiful 10 more intelligent J. 1 yesterday 2 tomorrow 3 today 4 this afternoon 5 the day after tomorrow 6 the day before yesterday 7 last night 8 next morning 9 this morning 10 yesterday afternoon K. 1 at 2 on 3 in 4 in 5 on L. 1 over 2 under 3 acro4 along 5 on 6 in 7 off 8 between 9 into 10 out of M. 1 Which 2 Who 3 Which 4 Who 5 Which N. 1 This is the car which the machinic repaired yesterday. 2 He is the man whom I invited to the party. 3 These are the things which I bought yesterday. 4 He is the man who came here last week. 5 He is the policeman who caught the thives. 6 She is the nurse who looked after me. 7 She is the woman whom I met yesterday. 8 I am the person who wrote to you. 9 They are the people whom I saw yesterday. 10 They are the trees which we cut down yesterday. O. 1 knives 2 boxes 3 shelves 4 wives 5 dishes P. 1 No. 2 Yes. 3 She sat near the window. 4 A middle-aged lady. 5 She was middle-aged. 6 She sat opposite Sally. 7 She said "Hello"
to Sally. 8 To make her beautiful. 9 No. 10 She said that she was still ugly to the lady.
第一篇:p開(kāi)頭的英文句子
英語(yǔ)的句子按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和感嘆句。
英語(yǔ)的句子按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和感嘆句。
1) 陳述句 陳述句(Declarative Sentences):說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述一種看法。有肯定 句和否定句之分。
2) 疑問(wèn)句 疑問(wèn)句(Interrogative Sentences):提出問(wèn)題。有以下四種:
a. 一般疑問(wèn)句(General Questions):
Can you finish the work in time? 你能按時(shí)完成工作嗎? b. 特殊疑問(wèn)句(W Questions;
H Questions):
Where do you live? 事? c. d. 選擇疑問(wèn)句(Alternative Questions):
Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶還是要咖啡? 你住那兒? How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件 反意疑問(wèn)句(Tag-Questions):
He doesn't know her, does he? 他不認(rèn)識(shí)她,對(duì)不對(duì)? 3) 祈使句 祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出請(qǐng)求,建議或發(fā)出命令,例如:
Sit down, please. 請(qǐng)坐。
Don't be nervous! 別緊張! 4) 感嘆句 感嘆句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示說(shuō)話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒, 例如:
What good news it is! 多好的消息啊! A. 簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型。 簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型,對(duì)于提高同學(xué)們的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)、譯能力有至關(guān) 重要的作用。下面我們就一起再來(lái)回顧一下簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型吧!簡(jiǎn)單句的 五種基本句型包括:
a. 主語(yǔ) 連系動(dòng)詞 表語(yǔ) (S+ Link-V+P) 主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞 連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) 此句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為連系動(dòng)詞,作表語(yǔ)成分的有形容詞、名詞、代詞、分 詞、不定式介詞短語(yǔ)等。常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有 be, feel, taste, smell, sound,seem, look(看 起來(lái)),get(變),become(變),turn(變)等。
1)The story sounds interesting. 2) Her dream has come true. 3)My books are on the desk. 4)The food seems to be nice. 那個(gè)故事聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有趣。
她的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
我的書(shū)在書(shū)桌上。
這食物似乎不錯(cuò) 本句型的特點(diǎn)是"連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)"二者缺一不可。例如"The teacher angry"和 "We in the classroom."
She sixteen.都不成其為一個(gè)句子。漢語(yǔ)中形容詞、介詞短 語(yǔ)、數(shù)詞都可以用作謂語(yǔ),但是英語(yǔ)中它們不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),它們前面必須加上 一個(gè)系動(dòng)詞才能構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。
Exercises:Put the following sentences into English. 1. 李甜甜是個(gè)聰明的女孩。
2. 張飛在三年級(jí)六班。
3. 冬季白天短,夜晚長(zhǎng)。
key 1 4. 早起有益于身體健康。
5. 這些玫瑰花聞起來(lái)很香。
b.主語(yǔ) 不及物動(dòng)詞 (S+V) 主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞 主語(yǔ) 在此句型中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,其后沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)。因?yàn)榇司湫椭械膭?dòng)詞 表達(dá)的意思已經(jīng)很明確,所以不需要跟賓語(yǔ)。有時(shí)為了表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率、程 度、原因、結(jié)果、目的、場(chǎng)所、時(shí)間等,可以帶狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞。如:
1)My head aches. 我頭疼。
2)The students are listening. 學(xué)生們正在聽(tīng)。
3) We study hard. 我們努力學(xué)習(xí)。
4) The red sun rises in the east. 一輪紅日從東方升起。
5) The Second World War broke out in 1939. 1939 年爆發(fā)了第二次世界大 戰(zhàn)。
6) The boy looked out of the window. 那個(gè)男孩朝窗外看去。
主語(yǔ)和不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))是組成本句型不可缺少的必要成分。
在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中, 不及物動(dòng)詞往往與副詞、介詞及其它相關(guān)成分有相對(duì)穩(wěn)定的搭配關(guān)系。
Exercises:Put the following sentences into English. 1. 我們的英語(yǔ)老師教得很好。
2. 五年前宋杰住在合肥。
3. 一天,她歡快地走進(jìn)我的房間。
4. 你們打算乘飛機(jī)還是乘船旅行? c. 主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ) (S+V+O) 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞 及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) Key2 該句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞,其后必須跟賓語(yǔ)才能使句意表達(dá)完整、準(zhǔn)確。賓語(yǔ)可 以由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)充當(dāng),如動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式、動(dòng)詞不定式或從句等. 1) I finished reading the book. 2) Do you like apples? 3) We discussed it at the meeting last week. 那件事。 我讀完了這本書(shū)。
你喜歡蘋(píng)果嗎? 上周我們?cè)跁?huì)上討論過(guò) 4) He decided to buy a computer. 他決定買(mǎi)一臺(tái)電腦。
5) We love China. 我們愛(ài)中國(guó)。
6) They enjoyed themselves very much last night. 他們昨天晚上玩得很開(kāi) 心。
7) Do you remember his telephone number? 嗎? 8) He thought about the problem for a few moments. 他把這個(gè)問(wèn)題思考 了一會(huì)兒。
注:不及物動(dòng)詞與介詞連用時(shí),其后也可跟賓語(yǔ)。例如:
Ann is waiting for Kate at school gate. 安正在校門(mén)口等凱特。
你記得他的電話號(hào)碼 主語(yǔ)和及物動(dòng)詞及其賓語(yǔ)是本句型的主干,至于及物動(dòng)詞,則既可以是單個(gè)的 及物動(dòng)詞,也可以是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
Exercises: Put the following sentences into English. 1. 她每天晚上看電視。
2. 這本書(shū)胡珊珊讀過(guò)多次了。
3. 明天下午我們將進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)考試。
4. 大多數(shù)人很喜歡輕音樂(lè)。
5. key 3 她幾乎不知道該如何寫(xiě)作文。
d.主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞 間接賓語(yǔ) 直接賓語(yǔ) (S+V+IO+DO) 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞 間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ) 英語(yǔ)中有些及物動(dòng)詞能跟雙賓語(yǔ),即間接賓語(yǔ)(指人) 和直接賓語(yǔ)(指物) 。通常情況下間 接賓語(yǔ)在前,直接賓語(yǔ)在后。能跟雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有:
ask, bring, take, buy, cost, fetch, give, hand, pass, lend, offer, pay, read, save, send, show, teach, te ll, write 等。有時(shí)也可把間接賓語(yǔ)置于直接賓語(yǔ)后,此時(shí)間接賓語(yǔ)前需加介詞 for 或 to。 1) Could you pame the salt? (= Could you pathe salt to me?) 我好嗎? 請(qǐng)你把鹽給 2) Uncle Wang made the farmers many machines.(=Uncle Wang made many machines for the farmers. ) 王叔叔給農(nóng)民們制造了很 多機(jī)器。
3) Zhou Nan lent me some money.(...some money to me.) 周楠借給我一些 錢(qián)。
注意 lend 和 borrow 的區(qū)別。
相對(duì)于主語(yǔ)而言, “借入”用 borrow sth from sb. 相對(duì)于主語(yǔ)而言,“借出”用 lend sb sth/ lend sth to sb.另外注意 take 和 bring 的區(qū) 別是針對(duì)說(shuō)話人而言,“拿離說(shuō)話人”,用 take, “拿向說(shuō)話人”用 bring. 4) Mother bought me a new dress. (...a new drefor me.) 媽媽給我買(mǎi)了一 件新衣服。
5) The evening drecost her forty dollars. 美元。
這件晚禮服花了她四十 cost 的用法:1. cost sb (money/time)其中時(shí)間不能用具體多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,只能用 模糊的時(shí)間段, 比如 some time/much time/a lot of time/all one’s life. 2. cost 不能用 于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子里。另外注意 last, break out, belong to, take place, happen 等詞 很容易誤用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),他們都不能被用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。3. cost 和 belong to 都不 能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
6) The girl asked me whether I could repair the bike. 那個(gè)女孩問(wèn)我是否會(huì) 修理自行車(chē)。(直接賓語(yǔ)為句子) 7) He told me how to make a chair. 他告訴我如何做椅子。(直接賓語(yǔ)為 不定式) 注:1.間接賓語(yǔ)后置與 for 連用的動(dòng)詞有 buy, make, cook, get, choose, sing, find 等。例如: Uncle Li bought me a birthday present. (=Uncle Li bought a birthday present for me.) 李叔叔給我買(mǎi)了一件生日禮物。
2.間接賓語(yǔ)后置與 to 連用的動(dòng)詞有 give, lend, teach, take, return, send, pa等。例如:
Please pahim a cup of tea.(=Please paa cup of tea to him.) 請(qǐng)遞給他 一杯茶。
3. 間接賓語(yǔ)后置既可與 for 也可與 to 連用的動(dòng)詞有 do, leave, write, bring 等。
例如:
He brought me a dictionary.(=He brought a dictionary for/to me.) 他給我?guī)?lái)了一本詞典。(bring 和 take 的區(qū)別) 注:若直接賓語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí),通常情況下將其置于間接賓語(yǔ)之前。例如:
誤:Please give me them. 正:Please give them to me. Exercises: Put the following sentences into English. key 4 1. 2. 3. 劉江給了我一朵紅玫瑰。
她給我做了一件漂亮衣服。
這項(xiàng)工作花了我們半個(gè)小時(shí)。
4. 吳老師給我們提出了一些有關(guān)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的建議。 e. 主語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) (S+V+O+C) 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) 英語(yǔ)中,有些及物動(dòng)詞除能跟賓語(yǔ)外,有時(shí)還須加一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),句意才能完整。
賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的作用是說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的主要是名詞、形容 詞、動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞,副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)等也可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
本句型中的"賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)",也可稱(chēng)之為復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。
賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之 間有著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,因此,邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系乃是本句型的特點(diǎn),它不同于 第四基本句型中的 "間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)","間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)"之間并無(wú)邏 輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
1) We elected Liu Lei monitor. 我們選劉磊當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。(elect,choose, appoint, make, call, name 等詞后面跟表示職位的名詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),職位名詞 前不要冠詞) 2) The news made him unhappy. 這個(gè)消息使他很不愉快。
3) You shouldn't let him go there alone. 你不應(yīng)當(dāng)讓他一個(gè)人去那兒。
4) I had the bike repaired. 我找人把自行車(chē)修好了。
5) I feel it very pleasant to be with your family. 我感到跟你們一家人在 一起很愉快。
6) Please keep the classroom clean. 請(qǐng)保持教室清潔。
7) She asked me to call him again. 她讓我再給他打個(gè)電話。
1.后跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 call, name, make, choose, think,elect, appoint 等。例如: We call him Tom for short. 我們簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)他為湯姆。
2.后跟形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 keep, make, find, get, think 等。例如:
It’s very hot here. We’d better keep the windows open. 這兒很熱。我們最好讓窗子開(kāi)著。
3.動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)有以下三種情況:
(1)后跟帶 to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常有 ask, tell, teach, wish, trouble 等。例如:
He told us to keep quiet in the hospital. 他告訴我們?cè)卺t(yī)院里要保 持安靜。
(2)后跟不帶 to 的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞可歸納為:
感官動(dòng)詞:“一聽(tīng)(hear)”、“二看(see, watch)”、“三感覺(jué)(feel, notice, find, observe), 使役動(dòng)詞:let, have 加 make)”,例如:
Let me try again. 讓我再試試。 I often hear her sing in the next room. 我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到她在隔壁唱歌。
感官動(dòng)詞 hear, see, watch, feel, notice, observe 等后既可接不帶 to 的不定式作 賓補(bǔ),也可用 v-ing 形式作賓補(bǔ)。前者表示動(dòng)作已結(jié)束,后者表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。
試比較:
1.He saw a girl get on the bus. 他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩上車(chē)了(上車(chē)的動(dòng) 作已經(jīng)結(jié)束)。
2.He saw a girl getting on the bus. 他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩在上車(chē)(上車(chē)的動(dòng)作 正在進(jìn)行)。
(3)help 后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式既可帶 to,也可不帶 to。例如:
My father often helps me(to) study English. 我父親經(jīng)常幫我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
4.后跟動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 feel, hear, see, watch, keep, find 等。例如: We found a man lying on the ground. 上。
5.后跟介詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有 keep, find, take 等。例如:
I’ll keep the words in my mind. 我將記住這些話。 B there be 句型 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)男人躺在地 本句型表示人或事物"存在"的概念,一般譯作"有",但應(yīng)注意與表示"具有"概 念的"有"(have)的區(qū)別。例如: I have two birds. 我有兩只鳥(niǎo)。(鳥(niǎo)為我所有) There are two birds in the cage. 籠子里有兩只鳥(niǎo)。
(鳥(niǎo)在籠子里) 本句型句首的 There 只是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞,本身并無(wú)任何詞匯意義。
句子的主語(yǔ)是 處于動(dòng)詞 be 后的那個(gè)名詞。動(dòng)詞 be 的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)應(yīng)同其后的主語(yǔ)取得一致。動(dòng) 詞 be 的時(shí)態(tài)隨具體情況而變化。 注意:動(dòng)詞 be 要和其后的主語(yǔ)取得一致。如果是單個(gè)的主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞 be 則隨這 個(gè)主語(yǔ)的數(shù)和人稱(chēng)而變化。如果是并列的主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞 be 一般隨最靠近 be 的那個(gè) 主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)而變化。反意問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)句部分要用 isn’t there?或 aren’t there? 在本句型中,還可將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 be 換成某些表示"來(lái)往,存在,發(fā)生"之類(lèi)的不及 物動(dòng)詞,如 arrive, come, go, exist, happen, live, remain, seem, stand 等。
1. There is a dictionary on the desk. 桌上有一本字典。
2. There will be a sports meet next week. 下周將舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
3. There stands a big tree in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一棵大樹(shù)。
4. There used to be a shop on the corner of the street. 以前在街的這個(gè)拐角有 一個(gè)商店。 祈使句和感嘆句 1、 祈使句 英語(yǔ)中的祈使句常常用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議、勸告和號(hào)召等意。對(duì)祈使 句的考查已成為近幾年高考英語(yǔ)的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)。其肯定形式是由動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭,否 定形式是在動(dòng)詞原形之前加 Don't。
祈使句的主語(yǔ)通常是 you, 但一般并不說(shuō)出。 祈使句的句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào),朗讀時(shí),用降調(diào)。為了使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣,常在句首或 句末加上 please,F(xiàn)將其常見(jiàn)類(lèi)型和考點(diǎn)歸納如下:祈使句有四種句型:
1.B 型:Be+表語(yǔ)(名詞、形容詞等)。如:
Be a good boy! Be quiet,please! 2.V 型:V(行為動(dòng)詞)+賓語(yǔ) 做個(gè)乖孩子! 請(qǐng)安靜! 也叫 Do 型祈使句。這類(lèi)祈使句在英語(yǔ)中最為常見(jiàn)。 這類(lèi)句子常以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭,末尾用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)。
(V 若為不及物動(dòng)詞,則無(wú)賓語(yǔ))+其它成分。如:
Look after this cat,please. 請(qǐng)照看一下這只貓。
明天穿上新衣服到學(xué)校。
趕快! Come to school in your new clothes tomorrow! Hurry up! 有時(shí)與 please 連用,增加“請(qǐng)求”的意味。如:
Please take a seat! Sit down, please! 有時(shí)為了加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,可以在動(dòng)詞前加 do。如:
Do be careful! Do listen to your teacher! Do 型祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí),附加問(wèn)句常用 will you,有時(shí)也可用 won’t you 或 can you 等。如:
Be quiet, please, will you/won’t you? Give me a hand, will you? 3.L 型:Let+賓語(yǔ)(第一、第三人稱(chēng)賓格)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分。如:
1).Let’s 祈使句的主語(yǔ)是 we,指說(shuō)話者和聽(tīng)者雙方,表示建議。如:
Let’s go to the cinema tonight. 2).Let us/ me 祈使句的主語(yǔ)是 you,表示請(qǐng)求。如: Let me have a look at your new motor. Let me try again. 3). Let him/her 祈使句的主語(yǔ)是 you,表示請(qǐng)求。 Let him/her carry the box upstairs. 用"let"的祈使句時(shí),必須注意下列幾點(diǎn):
一、"let"
的否定句有二。如果賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)用"Don't let.....",如果賓語(yǔ)是 第一人稱(chēng),則用"Let......not"
Don't let this type of things happen again. It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain. 二、"Let"只適用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (the passive voice),如:
Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted. 三、"Let"后頭除了是不帶"to"的不定式動(dòng)詞 (The infinitive without"to")之外, 還可以是某些適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~,如 out, in, down, alone 等:
Let the puppy out. Open the windows and let the fresh air in. The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down. Let me alone, please. 四、用"Let's"時(shí),把談話者的對(duì)象包括在內(nèi);用"Let us"時(shí),并不包括對(duì)方, 如:
Let's try it, shall we? Let us do it by ourselves, will you? 從上面句子里的"shall we"和"will you",不難知道前者包括聽(tīng)話人,后者并 沒(méi)有。
4.D 型:Don't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成分。如:
1).一般來(lái)說(shuō),祈使句的否定形式是在動(dòng)詞前邊加 don’t。
如:
Don’t do that again. Please don’t be late again. 2).有時(shí)在動(dòng)詞前邊加 never,起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用。如:
Never play with fire. Never waste anything, and above all, never waste time. 3).Don’t 型祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí),附加問(wèn)句常用 will you。如:
Don’t be noisy, will you? Never forget to bring your ID Card when traveling, will you? Don't go there now. Please don’t play with fire./Don’t play with fire, please. 請(qǐng)別玩火。 Don’t let the children play football on the road. 球。
Let’s not wait outside the gate. 1. 另外祈使句還有一些形式: 不要讓孩子們?cè)隈R路上踢 咱們別在門(mén)外等。 A. 含主語(yǔ)型祈使句 1).有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)、對(duì)比或表示說(shuō)話人的意愿、情緒或者安排工作,祈使 句需要帶上主語(yǔ)。如:You go away. Everyone shut the mouth. You girls clean the windows, and you boys wash the floor. 2).含主語(yǔ)型祈使句構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí),用法與 Do 型祈使句一致。如:
Everyone sit down, will you? B. 無(wú)動(dòng)詞型祈使句 有時(shí)可以省略祈使句的動(dòng)詞,成為無(wú)動(dòng)詞祈使句。如:
To the bus stop. Just a minute, please. No smoking. C. 條件祈使句 祈使句還可以用來(lái)表示條件,用于“祈使句+and/or+并列分句”句型, 相當(dāng)于“if 條件句+主句”。如:
Use your head and you will have a good idea. = If you use your head, you will have a good idea. Hurry up or we’ll be late. = If we don’t hurry up, we will be late. D. 祈使句式的肯定式前加 do 可起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。意為“務(wù)必;一定”等。例如:
Do come, please?請(qǐng)一定來(lái)! Do tell her the thing. 務(wù)必告訴她此事。 注:祈使語(yǔ)氣委婉的句型 1)“Will/Would/Can/Could you please+v.(動(dòng)詞原形)?” Will/Would/Can/Could you please give us instructions for using the lab? 請(qǐng)給我們講講使用實(shí)驗(yàn)室的規(guī)則吧,好嗎? 2)“Would you mind+v-ing(動(dòng)名詞)?” Would you mind allowing us to use the basin by the side of the cupboard? 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我們使用器皿柜旁邊的洗臉盆,好嗎? 3)“Why not+v.(動(dòng)詞原形)?” Why not do as your teacher tells you to? 為什么不按你們老師吩咐的去做呢? 4)“祈使句+附加疑問(wèn)句?” ①“Let us do…, will you/won't you?” Let us do the experiment ourselves, will/won't you? 允許我們自己作實(shí)驗(yàn),好嗎? ②“Let's do…, shall we/shan't we?” Let's make sure the lights are turned off and the door is locked, shall/shan't we? 讓我們核 實(shí)一下關(guān)燈和鎖門(mén)的事吧,好嗎? ③“Let me do…, will you/won't you/may I?” Let me tidy the lab instead of you, may I? 讓我替你收拾實(shí)驗(yàn)室,好嗎? ④“Do…, will/won't/would you/can/can't/could you?” Show me how to use this water pump, won't you? 教我怎樣使用這臺(tái)抽水泵,好嗎? ⑤“Don't do…, will you?” Don't touch papers on my desk, will you? 別碰我書(shū)桌上的文件,好嗎? 同學(xué)們要學(xué)好用好祈使句,請(qǐng)記住以下幾句歌訣:
動(dòng)詞原形無(wú)主語(yǔ), 婉言用“請(qǐng)”please; 牢記 BVLD 四句型, 定能掌握祈使句。 Practice 5 kp6 Put the following into English:
Model:現(xiàn)在停止吹氣,你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)玻璃又明凈了。
Now stop blowing,and soon you will find the glaclear again, 1)動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋,你就會(huì)想出更好的辦法來(lái), 2)再問(wèn)問(wèn)她,她就會(huì)告訴你的。
3)下午把書(shū)帶來(lái),我替你還。
2、 感嘆句 一、感嘆句通常有 what, how 引導(dǎo),表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。
what 修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞,副詞或動(dòng)詞,感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)主要有以下幾 種:
掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感嘆句的重點(diǎn)。
1)How +形容詞+ a +名詞+ 陳述語(yǔ)序 How clever a boy he is! 2)How+形容詞或副詞+ 陳述語(yǔ)序 How lovely the baby is! 3)How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! How time flies! 4)What +名詞+ 陳述語(yǔ)序 What noise they are making! 5)What+a+形容詞+名詞+ 陳述語(yǔ)序 What a clever boy he is! 6)What+ 形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序 7)What+ 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+陳述語(yǔ)序 句型 1)、5)可以互相轉(zhuǎn)化。
What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather it is! 特別提示:如何判斷用 what 還是用 how﹖ 方法一:凡是有 a, an 開(kāi)頭的,多用 what! 方法二:凡是形容詞直接加名詞多用 what! 方法三:其他一般用 how。
二、如何把陳述句改為感嘆句 陳改感嘆并不難:What 或 How 置句前, 形、副緊跟 how 后,what(冠)要和形名連, 主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)在句末,它們省略也常見(jiàn)。
除以上口訣外,把陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句時(shí),還可以根據(jù)這種方法:“一斷二加 三換位”!耙粩唷,即在謂語(yǔ)后邊斷開(kāi),使句子分為兩部分。例如:He is a good teacher.—He is/a good teacher.“二加”,即在第二部分前加上 how(強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞, 形容詞)或 what(強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞)。如:He is(what) a good teacher.“三換位”,即把第一 部分和第二部分互換位置,句號(hào)換感嘆號(hào)。例如:What a good teacher he is! 感嘆句的省略形式為:
What a clever boy (he is)!
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