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職場(chǎng)雙語(yǔ)：美國(guó)最新職業(yè)：博客作者
當(dāng)今美國(guó)，靠寫博客為生的人幾乎跟律師一樣多，
職場(chǎng)雙語(yǔ)：美國(guó)最新職業(yè)：博客作者
。通過(guò)將自己的觀點(diǎn)貼在網(wǎng)上來(lái)獲得主要收入的美國(guó)人已經(jīng)多過(guò)電腦程序員或是消防隊(duì)員了�！ �Paid bloggers fit just about every definition of a microtrend: Their ranks have grown dramatically over the years, blogging is an important social and cultural movement that people care passionately about, and the number of people doing it for at least some income is approaching 1% of American adults.
收費(fèi)博客作者幾乎符合“微趨勢(shì)”的所有定義：過(guò)去幾年中，他們的人數(shù)迅猛增長(zhǎng)；寫博客已經(jīng)成了一種重大的社會(huì)文化運(yùn)動(dòng)，人們對(duì)之熱情高漲；而靠寫博客賺錢的人占美國(guó)成年人口的比例已接近1%。
The best studies we can find say we are a nation of over 20 million bloggers, with 1.7 million profiting from the work, and 452,000 of those using blogging as their primary source of income. That’s almost 2 million Americans getting paid by the word, the post, or the click -- whether on their site or someone else’s. And that’s nearly half a million of whom it can be said, as Bob Dylan did of Hurricane Carter: ’It’s my work he’d say, I do it for pay.’
我們所能找到的最好的研究顯示，美國(guó)博客作者總?cè)藬?shù)超過(guò)2,000萬(wàn)，其中170萬(wàn)人從中營(yíng)利，而45.2萬(wàn)人以博客寫作為主要收入來(lái)源。將近200萬(wàn)人通過(guò)設(shè)置關(guān)鍵詞、發(fā)貼或是點(diǎn)擊量得到報(bào)酬－－無(wú)論是他們自己網(wǎng)站的點(diǎn)擊量還是去點(diǎn)擊別人的網(wǎng)站。也就是說(shuō)，像鮑勃•迪倫(Bob Dylan)在歌曲《卡特颶風(fēng)》(Hurricane Carter)里唱的那樣，將近50萬(wàn)人都可以說(shuō)，這是我的工作，我干這個(gè)就是為了掙錢。
This could make us the most noisily opinionated nation on earth. The Information Age has spawned many new professions, but blogging could well be the one with the most profound effect on our culture. If journalists were the Fourth Estate, bloggers are becoming the Fifth Estate.
這種情況可能讓我們成了全世界最吵鬧、最固執(zhí)己見的國(guó)家。信息時(shí)代催生了許多新職業(yè)，但博客寫作很可能會(huì)是對(duì)我們的文化影響最深遠(yuǎn)的。如果說(shuō)新聞記者是第四等級(jí)（新聞界的別稱），那博客作者正成為第五等級(jí)。
What started as a discussion forum for progressive politics and new technologies has now been applied to motherhood, health care, the arts, fashion, dentistry -- and just about every other imaginable area of life. What started as a hobby and an outlet for volunteers is becoming big business for newly emerging sites, for companies that now depend upon their reviews and for the people who work in this new industry.
博客最開始只是一個(gè)討論革新政見和新技術(shù)的論壇，現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容已經(jīng)廣泛涉及育兒、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、藝術(shù)、時(shí)尚、牙科……幾乎囊括你能想到的所有生活領(lǐng)域。寫博客最初只是一項(xiàng)自愿自發(fā)的業(yè)余愛好和宣泄渠道，現(xiàn)在卻成了一個(gè)重大的商機(jī)，對(duì)于新興網(wǎng)站、依賴博客作者觀點(diǎn)的公司以及從事這個(gè)新興行業(yè)的人而言莫不如此。
Demographically, bloggers are extremely well educated: three out of every four are college graduates. Most are white males reporting above-average incomes. One out of three young people reports blogging, but bloggers who do it for a living successfully are 2% of bloggers overall. It takes about 100,000 unique visitors a month to generate an income of $75,000 a year. Bloggers can get $75 to $200 for a good post, and some even serve as ’spokesbloggers’ -- paid by advertisers to blog about products. As a job with zero commuting, blogging could be one of the most environmentally friendly jobs around -- but it can also be quite profitable. For sites at the top, the returns can be substantial. At some point the value of the Huffington Post will no doubt pass the value of the Washington Post.
從人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)的角度看，博客作者的受教育程度極高：四分之三的人為大學(xué)畢業(yè)。絕大多數(shù)為白人男性，收入高于平均水平。三分之一的年輕人說(shuō)自己寫博客，但成功地以此謀生的博客作者僅占2%。每月唯一訪問(wèn)者達(dá)到10萬(wàn)左右才能實(shí)現(xiàn)年收入7.5萬(wàn)美元。一篇好的博客文章報(bào)酬可能在75美元至200美元之間，有的博客作者還充當(dāng)“代言博客”－－廣告商付費(fèi)讓他們?yōu)楫a(chǎn)品撰寫博客文章。由于這樣的工作完全不需要上下班通勤，因此寫博客沒準(zhǔn)是世上最環(huán)保的工作了－－同時(shí)也可能帶來(lái)豐厚的收入。頂級(jí)博客站點(diǎn)的收益相當(dāng)高。在某種程度上，博客網(wǎng)站Huffington Post 的價(jià)值無(wú)疑超過(guò)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》(Washington Post)，
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《職場(chǎng)雙語(yǔ)：美國(guó)最新職業(yè)：博客作者》(http://www.msguai.com)。The barriers to entry couldn’t be lower. Most bloggers for hire pay $80 to get started, do it for about 35 months, and make a few hundred dollars. But a subgroup of these bloggers are the true professionals who work at corporations, serve as highly paid blogging consultants or write for sites with substantial traffic.
這份工作的門檻極低。大多數(shù)靠博客掙錢的寫手付費(fèi)80美元開個(gè)博客，從事博客寫作的時(shí)間大約在35個(gè)月左右，可賺回幾百美元。但有一小群博客作者是真正專門從事博客寫作的，他們?cè)诠竟┞殻瑩?dān)任薪資豐厚的博客顧問(wèn)，或是為訪問(wèn)量很大的網(wǎng)站寫東西。
Pros who work for companies are typically paid $45,000 to $90,000 a year for their blogging. One percent make over $200,000. And they report long hours -- 50 to 60 hours a week.
在公司任職的專職博客作者通常年收入4.5萬(wàn)-9萬(wàn)美元。有1%的人年收入在20萬(wàn)美元以上。這些人的寫作時(shí)間也很長(zhǎng)，達(dá)到每周50-60小時(shí)。
As bloggers have increased in numbers, the number of journalists has significantly declined. In Washington alone, there are now 79% fewer DC-based employees of major newspapers than there were just few years ago. At the same time, Washington is easily the most blogged-about city in America, if not the world.
寫博客的人越來(lái)越多，而同時(shí)新聞?dòng)浾叩娜藬?shù)卻顯著下滑。僅華盛頓一地，大報(bào)社駐華盛頓的雇員人數(shù)現(xiàn)在就比幾年前減少了79%。與此同時(shí)，華盛頓也輕松地成為了美國(guó)最受博客作者關(guān)注的城市，如果說(shuō)不上世界范圍的話。
Almost no blogging is by subscription; rather, it owes it economic model to on-line advertising. Bloggers make money if their consumers click the ads on their sites. Some sites even pay writers by the click, which is of course a system that promotes sensationalism, or doing whatever it takes to get noticed.
幾乎沒有博客是通過(guò)訂閱營(yíng)利的；其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式是依靠在線廣告。如果讀者點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)站上的廣告，博客作者就能掙錢。一些網(wǎng)站甚至還以點(diǎn)擊量作為向作者付費(fèi)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這樣一個(gè)體系當(dāng)然會(huì)促使人們追求轟動(dòng)效應(yīng)，或是盡一切努力引起讀者關(guān)注。
It is hard to think of another job category that has grown so quickly and become such a force in society without having any tests, degrees, or regulation of virtually any kind. Courses on blogging are now cropping up, and we can’t be far away from the Columbia School of Bloggerism. There is a lot of interest now in Twittering and Facebooking -- but those venues don’t offer the career opportunities of blogging. Not since eBay opened its doors have so many been able to sit at their computer screens and make some money, or even make a whole living.
很難想到還有什么工作會(huì)如此迅速地發(fā)展，并在沒有任何考試、學(xué)位，或是任何監(jiān)管的前提下成為一支重大的社會(huì)力量�，F(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了一大堆有關(guān)博客寫作的課程，也許要不了多久就會(huì)有哥倫比亞博客學(xué)院(Columbia School of Bloggerism)了。現(xiàn)在很多人都對(duì)使用Twitter和Facebook上網(wǎng)寫東西以及交友很感興趣，但這些平臺(tái)無(wú)法提供博客寫作這樣的職業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。自從eBay創(chuàng)立以來(lái)，還從沒有這么多人都可以坐在電腦屏幕前賺錢，甚至是以此謀生。
And with millions of human-hours now going into writing and recording opinion, we have to wonder whether being the blogging capital of the world will help America compete in the global economy. Maybe all this self-criticism will propel us forward by putting us on the right track and helping us choose the right products. Maybe it will create a resurgence in the art of writing and writing courses. Or serve as a safety net for out of work professionals in the crisis. But for how long can nearly 500,000 people who are gradually replacing whole swaths of journalists survive with no worker protections, no enforced ethics codes, limited standards, and, for most , no formal training? Even the ’Wild West’ eventually became just the ’West.’
現(xiàn)在，有數(shù)百萬(wàn)人工投入在了寫作和記錄觀點(diǎn)上，在這樣的情況下，我們得考慮成為世界博客之都是否有助于美國(guó)在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)�；蛟S所有這些自我批評(píng)會(huì)讓我們走上正確的道路，幫助我們選擇正確的產(chǎn)品，從而推動(dòng)我們前進(jìn)�；蛟S它會(huì)帶來(lái)寫作藝術(shù)和寫作課程的復(fù)興。抑或?yàn)槲C(jī)中失業(yè)的專業(yè)人士充當(dāng)安全網(wǎng)。但正在逐漸取代整個(gè)新聞?dòng)浾哧?duì)伍的近50萬(wàn)博客作者，他們沒有勞動(dòng)者保護(hù)，沒有強(qiáng)制的道德規(guī)范，水平也有限，而且絕大多數(shù)都沒有接受過(guò)正式的訓(xùn)練，這些人能撐多久？要知道，就連所謂的“狂野西部”最終也會(huì)褪色成“西部”而已。
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