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“What句式”歸納整理，易混易錯難點解析
“What句式”歸納整理，易混易錯難點解析河南省商水第一高級中學(xué)教學(xué)與備考研究室
王祥玉
郵編：466100 E-mail： ssygwxy@yahoo.com.cn
經(jīng)過多年的高考備考指導(dǎo)，結(jié)合近十年的高考試題，筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)“what句式”試題出現(xiàn)率高，而且同學(xué)們易混易錯，為便于科學(xué)備考，輕松得分，特歸納如下：
一高考試題精選
1____we can’t get seems better than_____ we have [NMET1996,22 ]
A What; what B What ; that C That ;that D That ;what
【解析】答案:A .“人們不能得到的東西好象總比人們已有得東西要好”。本句主語從句中得get和表語從句中得have都缺少賓語。而that 不作成分，又沒有詞義。
2 It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____he or she wants [NMET1997,6]
A however B whatever C whichever D whenever
【解析】答案:B . 空格上所填詞作wants得賓語,而whichever用于 特定范圍內(nèi)得選擇,不和題的要求.
3 ____he said at the meeting astonished everybody present [NMET1993,23 ]
A What B That C The fact D The matter
【解析】答案:A .名詞the fact 和matter不作動詞say 的賓語,而主語從句中的said 須用賓語來表示說的內(nèi)容,that 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,沒有詞義,不作成分.
4 ____caused the accident is still a mystery . [1998上海，5 ]
A What B That C How D Where
【解析】答案: A 這是主語從句.what 在主語從句中作主語.
5 These wild flowers are so special I would do ____I can to save them. [NMET2000北京春季,25 ]
A whatever B that C which D whichever
【解析】答案:A do 后接賓語從句.賓語從句I can 后省略了do,缺少賓語.
6 Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster____ he had done the day before. [ 2001上海春季,31 ]
A that B how C where D what
【解析】答案:D 這是賓語從句..賓語從句he had done 后缺少賓語,需填what .
7 ____fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.[ 2002上海春季,33]
A What B That C This D Which
【解析】答案:B 這是主語從句。 主語從句是一個完整的句子，要填that
8 ____ made the school proud was ____more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities .
[2003上海春季,33] A What ；because B What ；that C That ；what D That ； because
【解析】答案：B what 引導(dǎo)主語從句。在主語從句中作主語；that 引導(dǎo)表語從句，在表語從句中起連接作用。
9 —Are you still thinking about yesterday’ game? ----Oh, that’s______ [NMET2003北京春季,25 ]
A what makes me feel excited B whatever I feel excited about
C how I feel about it D when I feel excited
【解析】答案 A . What 引導(dǎo)表語從句。 What在表語從句中作主語
10 ---Susan，will you please go and empty that drawer？---_______? [ NMET 2004 全國卷II ,34]
A What for B What is it C How is it D How come
【解析】答案: A . what for表示empty that drawer的目的;how come 表示“怎么….會；怎么可能……?”
二 “What句式”易混易錯點歸納解析
㈠特殊疑問詞方面:
1 what 與who比較
相同點：二者都可以作疑問代詞，用來指人。
不同點：what指職業(yè)，身份或地位。 —What was her husband？ —He was a lawyer。
Who問的是姓名，或人與人之間的關(guān)系。
—Who was her husband ？—He was John Smith，the son of a farmer。
【難點解析】：① 對有一定范圍的人或物提問用which . 例如： Which of the five books do you like ?
②對沒有范圍的物提問用what 例如：what do you like ？
③ 對沒有范圍的人提問用who. 例如：who went there the other day？
2 what與which 比較
相同點：二者都可以用作形容詞性的疑問代詞。
不同點：what作“什么樣的”，具有泛指的意思，用于未知情況的疑問，范圍不確定，其后不能跟of短語。
What fruit do you like best？
What people were they talking with last night？
Which作“哪一個，哪樣的，哪些”具有特指的意思，用于已知情況的選擇，范圍確定。其后可跟of短語。
Which do you like better，oranges or apples？你比較喜歡蘋果還是橘子？
Which of you would like to go to that island？你們中誰樂意去那個島
3 which﹢名詞/代詞 與what﹢名詞/代詞 的用法
相同點：二者都是形容詞，用作定語，所其的作用是相同的。
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