英語(yǔ)教案推薦：The football match
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1．學(xué)習(xí)、運(yùn)用表示委婉的否定、贊賞、決心、愿望和鼓勵(lì)的用語(yǔ)。
2．掌握本單元的詞匯和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)，特別是deserve to, be pleased with, be angry with等短語(yǔ)的用法。
3．進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，特別是它的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的表示方式：作主句是過(guò)去時(shí)的賓語(yǔ)；由when引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間發(fā)生動(dòng)作之前已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；有明確短語(yǔ)“By…”表示的過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。須注意的是：它表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)過(guò)去的影響或過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到過(guò)去。
4．認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)“Girls beat boys”，掌握一些相關(guān)足球的術(shù)語(yǔ)：draw，kick，goal，etc．
5．繼續(xù)進(jìn)行書寫日記的寫作訓(xùn)練。
本單元所出現(xiàn)的詞組與交際用語(yǔ)
1. 本單元詞組
by the time 到…的時(shí)候
never mind 沒(méi)有關(guān)系
spill over 溢出
from now on 從現(xiàn)在起；今后
deserve to 應(yīng)受；值得
carry on 經(jīng)營(yíng)；繼續(xù)（工作）
be pleased with 對(duì)于……感到滿意
be angry with 對(duì)于……感到生氣
Number 52 Middle school 第52中學(xué)
a big score 一個(gè)大比分
such an exciting match 一場(chǎng)如此激動(dòng)心的比賽
in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分鐘內(nèi)
think of… 想起，考慮……
leave…at home 把……忘在家里
make a good football player 成為一名出色的足球隊(duì)員
used to do 過(guò)去常做
lose to somebody 輸給某人
beat them 4~3 ４比３戰(zhàn)勝他們
a team of girls 一支女隊(duì)
the most embarrassing day of my life 我生活中最困惑的一天&
nbsp;
deserve to win 贏在情理之中
deserve to lose 理應(yīng)輸球
their best striker 他們的最佳前鋒
the mid- field player 中場(chǎng)球員
feel a bit nervous 感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)兒緊張
make the score 2－1 2比１改寫比分
in the second half 在下半場(chǎng)
go over 踢過(guò)
after that 從那以后
carry on working hard 繼續(xù)努力工作
as a result 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因
keep passing the ball 堅(jiān)持傳球
expect to do 期望做某事
take part 參加
be busy with 忙于……
get hurt 受傷
receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的來(lái)信
2. 交際用語(yǔ)和句型
交際用語(yǔ)
表示感情 Expressing certain emotions
a. 喜悅 Pleasure, joy
It was great. 棒極了。
That’s a big score. 大比分。
b. 驚奇 Surprise
Wow! 哇！
Yeah! 是！
Oh dear! 天哪！
c. 感謝 Thanks
Thanks for your last letter. 感謝你的上次來(lái)信。
d. 日期 The time
Sunday, May 10. 五月十日，星期天。
主要句型
Statement 陳述句
He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 他說(shuō)他以前從來(lái)沒(méi)看過(guò)這樣精彩的'比賽。
When I got to the check-out, I realized I had left my purse at home. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)收銀臺(tái)的時(shí)候我意識(shí)到我的錢包忘在家里。
By the time I got there, the bus had already gone. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)那兒的時(shí)候，公共汽車已經(jīng)開了。
教學(xué)建議（一）
教材內(nèi)容的分析
本單元是圍繞足球賽這個(gè)話題展開的，學(xué)習(xí)了如何談?wù)撟闱虮荣悾约耙恍┡c足球比賽相關(guān)的實(shí)際用語(yǔ)。本單元的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目還仍舊是過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，通過(guò)一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的比較，在第十四單元學(xué)過(guò)的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步歸納總結(jié)了過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。它表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始，一直持續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；在復(fù)合句中表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系。認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)“Girls beat boys”，掌握重點(diǎn)詞匯和習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)的用法。本單元還要求我們繼續(xù)進(jìn)行書寫日記的寫作訓(xùn)練。同時(shí)，還要掌握英文書信的書寫格式。
本單元重點(diǎn)例句及相關(guān)知識(shí)分析
1．Do you like watching or playing football?
你是喜歡足球，還是喜歡踢足球？
本句是選擇疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句回答方式如下：
�。�1）“What would you like to have, coffee, tea or milk?”“None”．
“你要喝什么，咖啡、茶還是牛奶？””都不要�！保ㄈ咭陨隙疾唬�
�。�2）“Who are you going to see, John or Bill？”“John．”
“你要去見誰(shuí)，約翰還是比爾？”“見約翰�！保ㄖ贿x其中之一）
�。�3）“What would you like, rice or noodles?”“Either.”
“你要吃什么，米飯還是面條？”“隨便。”（表示其中任何一個(gè)都行）
�。�4）“Do you want this book or that one?”“你要這本書，還是那本書？”
“I want both．”“兩本我都要�！保▋烧叨家�
注：兩者都不要用neither，三者以上都要用all。
2. He said he had never seen such an exciting match before. 他說(shuō)在以前他從來(lái)沒(méi)有看見過(guò)這么激動(dòng)的比賽。
句中such是形容詞，意思是“這樣，那樣”，加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，表示驚奇的情緒，跟形容詞連用。such an exciting match 相當(dāng)于so exciting a match (這么激動(dòng)的比賽)。如：
It was such a lovely day.相當(dāng)于It was so lovely a day. 那是一個(gè)非常美好的日子。
I have never seen such a large one. 相當(dāng)于I have never seen so large a one . 我從沒(méi)有見過(guò)這樣大的東西。
3. In a surprising result, the No .69 Middle School girls’ football team yesterday beat their school’s boys’ team. 報(bào)出冷門，第69 中學(xué)女子足球隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)勝了他們學(xué)校的男子足球隊(duì)。
句中beat 是動(dòng)詞，意思是“連續(xù)地打; 打敗; 敲打”。beat后可接人或隊(duì)名。意思是“擊敗對(duì)手�！比纾�
I can beat you at swimming. 游泳我比得過(guò)你。
The wheat was beaten down by the rain. 麥子被雨水打得倒伏了。
The rain beat against the window. 雨水打在窗戶上。
beat 與win、hit的區(qū)別：
win意思是“贏得某個(gè)項(xiàng)目”，后面常接“match, game”。如：
He won a game. 他勝一局。
We won a match. 我們比賽得勝。
The boys were winning 2-0. 男孩們正以2比0獲勝。
hit意思是“擊中”（有時(shí)可表示“打一下”）。如：
The mother hit her child out of anger. 媽媽生氣，打了她孩子一下。
4. We all thought this would be an easy game. 我們都原以為這是一場(chǎng)容易的比賽。
句中的thought 是動(dòng)詞，意思是“原想；以為”。這是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，注意從句用過(guò)去時(shí)，“表示結(jié)果不是這樣”。如：
I thought he was a clever boy. 我原以為他是個(gè)聰明的男孩。（ 他其實(shí)并不聰明）
區(qū)別：I think he is a clever boy. 我認(rèn)為他是個(gè)聰明的男孩。（他很可能是聰明的）
5. He thought the girls deserved to win. 他認(rèn)為女隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)該贏。
（1）deserve應(yīng)該得到、值得，其后可帶名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ)。
例：Good work deserves good pay. 好的工作應(yīng)得好的報(bào)酬。
�。�2）deserve不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)；deserving是個(gè)形容詞，解釋“值得的”，常與of連用。
例：be deserving of sympathy 值得同情。
6. His excellent shot went low to the left of the girls’ goal. 他以一腳刁鉆的地滾球射向女隊(duì)球門的左邊。
句中l(wèi)ow是副詞，意思是“低下地，近地平線地”。如：
The sun sank low. 太陽(yáng)西下接近地平線。
He spoke low just now. 剛才他低聲講話。
7. However ,after that the boys became relaxed and lazy, but the girls carried on working hard.然而，男隊(duì)變得松懈和懶散，而女隊(duì)卻繼續(xù)拼搏。
句中carried on working hard 相當(dāng)于carried on with the work hard意思是“繼續(xù)努力工作”。如：
He told them to carry on the work. 他叫他們繼續(xù)工作。
carry on意思是“經(jīng)營(yíng)；繼續(xù)”。如：
He carried on business for many years in HK. 他在香港經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)多年。
They decided to carry on in spite of the weather．不管天氣如何他們決定繼續(xù)做下去。
Rising costs made it hard to carry on the business．上漲的成本使得生意難做。
8. Then Li Xiaolin scored twice in the last six minutes to make the final score 4-3.
于是，在結(jié)束的前六分鐘，李小琳第二次進(jìn)球?qū)⒈确宙i定在4比3。
句中final 是形容詞，意思時(shí)“最后的”。如：
The final game of the football will begin. 足球決賽將開始。
The final unit of the book is Unit18. 本書最后一單元是18單元。
9. I guess the girls are very pleased with themselves. 我猜女隊(duì)對(duì)她們自己是非常滿意的。
句中be pleased with意思是“對(duì)……高興；對(duì)于……滿意”。如：
I’m very pleased with what he has done. 我對(duì)他所做的一切非常滿意。
We’re quite pleased with your success. 我為你的成功十分高興。
10. At half time, Miss Wang told us,“From now on, just keep passing the ball and play together as a team.” 在半場(chǎng)（休息）時(shí)，王老師告訴我們，“從現(xiàn)在起，就要堅(jiān)持傳球，作為一個(gè)隊(duì)整體配合�！�
�。� 句中from now no 是介詞短語(yǔ)，意思是“從現(xiàn)在起”。如：
We should study still harder from now on. 今后我們應(yīng)更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。
�。� 句中keep passing 是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意思是“堅(jiān)持傳……”。keep doing側(cè)重表示“持續(xù)不停地做某事”或“持續(xù)某種狀態(tài)”。如：
The girl kept crying all the time. 那個(gè)女孩一直在哭。
The baby kept sleeping about four hours. 這個(gè)嬰兒連續(xù)睡了大約四個(gè)小時(shí)。
而keep on doing 表示“總不斷做某事”，不表示靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)。不能與sitting、sleepin
g、lying、standing這類詞連用。如：
It kept on raining for seven days. 雨持續(xù)下了七天。
Don’t keep on asking such silly questions. 不要老問(wèn)這些怪問(wèn)題。
11. I expect that was funny. 我料想那是有趣的。
句中expect 是動(dòng)詞，意思是“認(rèn)為；料想”是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：
I expect that he went to town yesterday. 我以為他明天進(jìn)城去。
— Will he be late ? — 他會(huì)不會(huì)遲到？
— I expect so. — 我想會(huì)的。
I don’t expect so. 相當(dāng)于I expect not. 我想不會(huì)的。
12. …and it’s quite easy for players to get hurt．……運(yùn)動(dòng)員受傷是很容易的。
get, turn, become三個(gè)詞都可作系動(dòng)詞用，表示狀態(tài)的變化，后跟表語(yǔ)，但三個(gè)詞的用法稍有不同。get強(qiáng)調(diào)情感、氣候和環(huán)境的變化；turn強(qiáng)調(diào)色彩的變化；而become則強(qiáng)調(diào)職務(wù)、職稱等的變化。如：
�。�1）The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter．
冬天的白天越來(lái)越短。
（2）She couldn’t answer the question and her face turned red．
她回答不出問(wèn)題，臉紅了。
（3）-- How long have you been a teacher？-- For ten years.
你當(dāng)老師有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？十年了。
When did you become a teacher? – Ten years ago.
你什么時(shí)候當(dāng)?shù)睦蠋煟渴昵啊?/p>
教學(xué)建議（二）
過(guò)去完成時(shí)的教學(xué)建議
本書第54課中對(duì)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)已有闡述，本單元著重講解過(guò)去完成時(shí)的使用場(chǎng)合。
講解完成后，學(xué)生應(yīng)能夠?qū)^(guò)去完成時(shí)有一個(gè)比較完整明確的概念。
1．教學(xué)by與before這兩個(gè)介詞所表達(dá)的時(shí)間概念
過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去完成時(shí)則是表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間
之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，即俗稱的“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”�！癰y+某時(shí)”是“到了某時(shí)已經(jīng)……”的意思；“before+某時(shí)”是“在……時(shí)以前”的意思。教學(xué)中可考慮創(chuàng)造些情景，并借助時(shí)
間軸來(lái)幫助理解。
情景l(fā) Jane was busy yesterday. She was working in her office all evening. Her friends Mary and Jack came to visit her. They were waiting in her house the whole evening. Jane finished her work at last. She came home at nine. But Mary and Jack had left her house before nine. They didn t see each other. What a pity!
此番情景可以用時(shí)間軸來(lái)表示， 在軸上標(biāo)出說(shuō)話時(shí)間，過(guò)去 (即Jane came home的時(shí)間)，過(guò)去的過(guò)去(即Mary and Jack left的時(shí)間)。將句子寫在黑板上，并用彩色筆標(biāo)出at與before兩個(gè)詞。
Jane came home at nine.
Mary and Jack had left her house before nine.
幫助學(xué)生理解at nine，在九點(diǎn)；before nine，九點(diǎn)前就…… (動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去完成時(shí))
情景2 Meimei and I were making dumplings for supper yesterday. We decided to have a contest to see who could make dumplings faster. We started our contest at 5 o clock and stopped it at 5 :15. At 5 :5, Meimei was making her 24th dumpling. By that time I had already finished 27 dumplings. I won!
用時(shí)間軸表示出時(shí)間關(guān)系，在黑板上寫出句子，說(shuō)明at 5:15(在五點(diǎn)一刻)；by that time，(到五點(diǎn)一刻時(shí)為止)。
At 5:15, Meimei was making her 24th dumpling.
By that time I had already finished 27 dumplings. (動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí))
情景3 要求學(xué)生就情景3講出一個(gè)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)造出的句子。West Hill Farm is a
beautiful place and there are many sheep, cows, dogs and horses there. I like to go there very much. In the autumn of 1995, I went there for the first time. Last year, I went there twice with my parents. So by the end of last year .... 讓學(xué)生自己續(xù)完句子：
By the end of last year, I had been to West Hill Farm three times.
情景4 Lucy and Lily went to West Hill Farm yesterday. They were helping a farmer do the farm work in the morning. At that time he was in town. He came back at noon and found…
替換詞：
milk the cows / by noon take the sheep to the fields / by noon
give the horses their food / by noon clean the pigsty / by noon
2．教學(xué)中提醒學(xué)生注意主句和從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。在已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的帶有賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，經(jīng)常存在先后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作往往用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去時(shí)。如：He said that he had already watched the football match.句中看球賽的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在他說(shuō)話之前 ，即他說(shuō)話時(shí)看球賽的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成 。又如：When I got to the station, the train had already left. 火車離開的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在我到達(dá)車站之前。
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