考研英語:語法大全(情態(tài)動詞-must)
must
must的詞義
must表示"必須"或"應當"。如:
I must leave at 9:00我必須在九點鐘離開這里。
Soldiers must obey orders.士兵必須服從命令。
You must get to the stallion before three o'clock. 你必須在三點鐘以前到達車站。
You must come earlier tomorrow.你明天得早點來。
must的否定式
must的否定形式must not表示"不應該"或
"不許可",語氣比較強烈。如:
We mustn't waste our time. 我們不應該浪費我們的時間。
Passengers must not walk across the railway line.旅客不要橫穿鐵路。
You mustn't miss that modern ballet,It is extremely good. 你可不要錯過這個現(xiàn)代芭蕾舞劇,它好極了。
One must not divorce oneself from the masses.不應該脫離群眾。
[注]說"不必"須用need not。如:
Must we hand in our exercises today? -No,You needn't.我們必須今天交練習嗎? --不,不必今天交。
must也可表示過去
must只有現(xiàn)在式,通常用以表示現(xiàn)在,但有時也可以表示過去(多用在間接引語中)。如:
He told us we must all be ready by nine.他告訴我們在九點鐘以前都得準備好。
It was too late to go back,we must go on.太晚了,回不去了,我們只有繼續(xù)往前走。
[注] have to (必須)則可以表示各種時間。如:
I am afraid You will have to wait a while.我看你得等一會兒。
At every step I had to pull my legs out of the snow.我每走一步都得將雙腿從雪中拔出來。
must也可表示說話人對事物的推測
但比may肯定得多,相當于漢語的"一定"或"準是"。如:
He must be in the library now. 他現(xiàn)在準是在圖書館。
The old man must be over seventy now.那老人準有七十多歲了。
She must know how to do farm work. 她一定懂得怎樣干農活。
You ate very little at breakfast today. You must be hungry now.
你今天早餐吃得很少,現(xiàn)在一定餓了。
[注] must加動詞原形的進行式,也可表示對現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作的推測,有"一定"、"準是"的意思。如:
She must be working on the experimental plot.她現(xiàn)在一定在試驗田里工作。
must加動詞原形的.完成式
說明對過去事物的推測,表示"一定"或"準是"的意思。如:
I mailed the letter two weeks ago. She must have received it.
我是兩星期以前發(fā)的信,她一定已經收到了。
She must have studied English before. 她以前一定學過英語。
How did you know about it? Somebody must have told you. 你怎么知道這事的?一定有人告訴你了。
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