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高考英語(yǔ)手記倒裝句語(yǔ)法
下面是小編分享的一篇高考英語(yǔ)手記倒裝句語(yǔ)法。一起來(lái)看看吧。
一.考綱要求
根據(jù)考綱的要求,考生需要掌握使用部分倒裝和全部倒裝的幾種常見(jiàn)情況。
二. 命題導(dǎo)向
近年的高考試題主要是考查句子的正確語(yǔ)序、置于句首先的副詞、短語(yǔ)和選擇連詞。
三。復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)
1. 全部倒裝
在下面幾種情況下,需把全部的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前,構(gòu)成全部倒裝:
(1)在There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。例如:
Look, there's that bookshop I was telling you about。
Long ago there lived a king with his three lovely daughters。
(2)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞如here、there、now、then、up、down、in、away、out等置于句首時(shí),為使生動(dòng)地描述情景而采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。此時(shí),句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如:
There goes the phone. I'll answer it。
There comes the bus!
Suddenly, in came a man with a mask on his face。
(3)Such作表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)。例如:
Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.
(4)直接引語(yǔ)的全部或部分位于句首時(shí)。例如:
“If you die, who will get your money?”asked Holmes。
(5)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭的句子。
In the center of the square stands a monument。
On the back wall hangs a portrait。
Inside the pyramids are burial rooms for the kings and queens。
(6)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu),或使上下文銜接緊密,而將作表語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首,引起倒裝。例如:
Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil。
Seated on the grass are a group of students。
Lying about on the floor are books and magazines。
2.部分倒裝
在下列幾種情況下,只把助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前,構(gòu)成部分倒裝。
(1) little, never, not, seldom, neither, nor, rarely, seldom, by no means, at no time,under no circumstances, in no case等表示否定意義的單詞和短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。例如:
Little does he care about what others think。
Under no circumstances are you to leave the house。
Not a word did he say at the meeting yesterday。
(2) 在not…until…, no sooner...than..., scarcely/hardly...when..., not only...but also... neither...nor.。.等句式中。例如:
Not until he told me did I know the truth。
Hardly had she sat down when the phone rang。
Not only do the workers want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well。
Neither does he drink nor smoke。
(3) 當(dāng)only 修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)。例如:
Only then did I find I have made a mistake。
(4) 在 so/such …that…。從句中,當(dāng)so+形容詞/副詞或such+名詞位于句首時(shí)。例如:
So exhausted was she that she wanted to have a rest。
(5)當(dāng)表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí),常用so/as+系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ),表示“……也是……”。例如:
Times have changed and so have I。
Eve’s very tall, as was her mother。
(6)當(dāng)neither, nor位于句首, 表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用與另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí),常用neither/nor+系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ),表示“……也不……”。例如:
They couldn’t understand it at the time, and nor could we。
(7)省略if的虛擬條件句,把助動(dòng)詞were、had、should提到主語(yǔ)前面時(shí)。例如:
Had it not been for your help, we shouldn't have achieved so much。
(8)as和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如:
Child as he is, he knows a lot of things。
Try as she might, Sue couldn't get the door open。
Strange though it may seem, I like housework。
(9)當(dāng)may放在句首,表達(dá)祝愿時(shí)。例如:
May you succeed! 祝你成功!
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