為什么有些人怎么吃都不胖

　　Everyone knows that guy -- the one who can chug more than his fair share of beer, scarf down an entire pepperoni pizza, grab an ice cream, and make a donut run the next morning, all without gaining a pound.

　　每個(gè)人身邊都會(huì)有這樣一個(gè)人——吃的比看起來能吃的多，喝下超過他份額的啤酒，狼吞虎咽下一整塊意大利臘腸披薩，在抓一個(gè)冰淇淋，第二天早上在吃一個(gè)甜甜圈，然后體重一磅都不會(huì)增加。

　　研究：為什么有些人怎么吃都不胖?

　　A new study suggests that people's bodies respond to the same food in very different ways.

　　一項(xiàng)新研究表明，人們的身體對(duì)于相同食物的處理因人而異。

　　"If you have two people who are given the same exact diet, they won't necessarily weigh the same." says Dr. Judith Korner, director at the Weight Control Center at Columbia University Medical Center.

　　“如果兩個(gè)人都吃完全相同的食物，那么他們也不會(huì)增長(zhǎng)完全相同的重量。”哥倫比亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心，體重控制中心的主任Judith Korner博士如是說。

　　1. They've got good genes

　　他們有好的基因

　　Not happy with the way your body looks when you stray from your otherwise healthy diet? Blame mom and dad. Dr. Korner says genetics program your "set point," the weight your body strives to maintain. Some people may have a set point at a BMI of 22, while other bodies have a tendency to maintain a BMI of 28 or 30, depending on their genes and hormones."If you try and alter that set point, your body definitely fights against it,"

　　Dr. Korner continues. "There have been studies where you take people of any size, thin or obese, and if you underfeed them, there are changes in the body that try to get them back to their original weight. It also works the other way too -- the body will try to burn up that extra food to get them back to the set point."

　　已經(jīng)堅(jiān)持了健康的飲食對(duì)自己的體形還是不滿意，那就怪你的爸媽吧。Korner博士說，基因決定了你體重的“基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)”，你的身體會(huì)盡量保持在這個(gè)基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。有些人的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)是BMI(體重指數(shù)=體重/身高的平方)22，而有些人的IBM則要達(dá)到28或者30，這是他們的基因和荷爾蒙決定的。如果你試著認(rèn)為調(diào)整你的“體重指數(shù)“，那你的身體會(huì)盡可能的反抗。

　　Korner博士繼續(xù)說道，“研究表明，不管人們來自哪里，體形，胖瘦如何，如果你不滿足身體的需求，那么自身的調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)會(huì)努力把你的體重拉到“基準(zhǔn)值”，反之，如果你攝入過多的脂肪，那么身體也會(huì)幫助消耗，把你的體重保持在“基準(zhǔn)值”。

　　2. They're eating less energy-dense foods

　　他們少吃高熱量的食物

　　A pound of lettuce may weigh the same as a pound of fried chicken, but they certainly don't have the same effect on the body. That chronically thin friend who's constantly eating might actually be consuming foods that are less caloric than you think, Dr. Korner points out."It can look like someone's eating a lot, maybe they'll have this giant bowl in front of them, but the bowl may contain a salad of beans, chicken, and no dressing," she says. "It looks like they're just chewing and chewing and chewing, but their foods are less energy dense."

　　There are people who say they eat whatever they want without gaining weight -- and they're not lying. While that might conjure up feasts of fried chicken, mac & cheese, and cream puffs in your mind, their palates may prefer less-caloric foods, allowing them to eat a much larger quantity.

　　一磅的生菜和一磅的炸雞，但是他們對(duì)身體的影響是不同的。看起來愛吃但一直很瘦的朋友，攝入的食物的卡路里不是你想的那么多。Korner博士指出，“他們看起來感覺吃了很多，面前放那么大一個(gè)碗吃飯，但是碗里就只有豆類、雞肉混合的沙拉，都沒有加調(diào)味汁�！彼�說，“看起來他們就一直在不停的吃啊吃，但其實(shí)食物中的熱量很少�！�

　　所有當(dāng)有人說他們很能吃，但就是吃不胖——(這就是他們吃不胖的原因)他們沒有撒謊。當(dāng)你想象著，他們肯定能吃很多炸雞、巨無霸芝士漢堡、還有奶油泡芙。事實(shí)上他們盤子里都是低熱量的食物，所以他們能吃很多。

　　3. They probably don't actually eat that much

　　他們實(shí)際上可能吃得并沒有那么多

　　Reality is not always as it seems. People tend to eat more and indulge in their favorite foods when they're out with friends, calorie counts be damned. Even if you saw your friend consume more chicken nuggets last night than you eat in six months, their regular diet is likely more modest.

　　"I think that it's an exaggeration. They may be eating what they want, but probably the number of calories they're consuming is not huge. If they start eating thousands of calories a day, I think that they would gain weight," says Dr. Korner.The opposite is true too, says Dr. Korner, who has seen patients that claim they've cut calories but still haven't seen the scale budge. Their perceptions of their diets are probably off."If you look at their food diary, you'll see a granola bar, and the patient thought that it was healthy but didn't realize the number of calories in this supposedly healthy granola bar was pretty significant. It's thermodynamically impossible to take in less [than you burn] and not lose weight." The best diet is always the one that works for you, not someone else's plan.

　　事實(shí)并不是看起來的那樣。當(dāng)人們和朋友們出去的時(shí)候，他們往往會(huì)吃的更多，特別是他們喜歡的食物，卡路里自然也會(huì)飆升。即使你看見你朋友一次性吃的雞塊比你過去半年吃的還要多，(但你不知道的是)他們平時(shí)飲食可能是極其嚴(yán)格。

　　“我想可能有點(diǎn)夸張。他們可能就是吃他們想吃的東西，但是攝入的卡路里沒有那么多。如果他們攝入每天數(shù)千卡路里，那他們的體重可能會(huì)增加，如果情況相反，那體重就會(huì)減少”Korner博士如是說，他曾經(jīng)碰到過病人抱怨，他已經(jīng)在節(jié)食了，但是體重并沒有減少。他們覺得自己的節(jié)食不起效果了�！暗�是如果你看他們的飲食日記，你會(huì)看見上面寫了麥棒，而且病人認(rèn)為那是健康食品，但是它不知道里面含了多少卡路里，而這點(diǎn)才是最重要的�！弊詈玫娘嬍呈沁m合你的，而不是(盲目照搬)其他人的飲食計(jì)劃。

　　4. Their metabolisms are at roadrunner levels

　　他們的新陳代謝能力達(dá)到公路跑步者水平

　　The formula for weight gain is pretty simple: consume more calories than you burn, and vice versa. But how many calories you burn daily is much more dependent on your metabolism than hours spent at the gym. In fact, basic functions, like breathing and circulation, account for nearly three-quarters of the calories you burn daily, and your genetics determine this basal metabolic rate.

　　"If your friend] is really having many more calories than you are, then his metabolism is probably faster and his body uses up calories much, much more quickly. That's probably how he was born," says Dr. Korner. " (It's like how) some people are born with blue eyes and some with brown eyes."

　　增加體重的公式相當(dāng)?shù)暮?jiǎn)單：吃的比你消耗的多，反之亦然。你每天消耗多少卡路里比起在健身房鍛煉更其實(shí)依賴于你自己的新陳代謝。事實(shí)上，人體的基本功能，像呼吸、循環(huán)等每天就會(huì)消耗你四分之三的卡路里，你的基因決定了你基本的新陳代謝的速率。

　　“如果你的朋友比你攝入了更多的卡路里，但是他的新陳代謝的速度比你更快，那么他消耗的卡路里含量就比要多。這是天生的�！盞orner 博士說，“就像有些人的眼睛天生是藍(lán)色的，有些人是棕色的原理是一樣”

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