考研完形填空解題技巧

　　目標(biāo):6分到7分.

　　完型4分技巧: 和英語水平無關(guān)。

　　紅花綠葉原則,

　　1. 紅花詞匯(必選的單詞) however although yet because

　　2. 綠葉詞匯(必不選的單詞) ①since(家族都不選) even since ,now that,what. ②涉及虛擬語氣的詞匯(表示與現(xiàn)實相反或不相符的情況) if only 但愿. 與過去相反, 從句過去完成與現(xiàn)在相反,一般過去時與將來情況相反would/could+v 所以用if only 最少是過去時.一般在文中很少選擇,in case(唯恐,萬一以免),lest,or else.(否則要不然) ③表示關(guān)于的詞as to，with regard to，about，with︱in reference to，

　　3. 2-5道紅花綠葉詞匯. 概率原則：

　　1. 每篇完形填空中，A,B,C,D作為正確選項的個數(shù)在4-6之間。

　　2. A選項出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)最多，蒙一水的A。

　　3. 沒有連續(xù)三個答案都一樣的情況。連續(xù)兩個答案都連在一起的答案0-3.相鄰答案都不一 樣的概率17-20.

　　4. 五組答案中至少要出現(xiàn)3個字母作為正確選項，每組接縫處沒有連續(xù)兩個答案是一樣的 情況。 5. 閱讀理解也有此規(guī)律。

　　4-7分技巧：

　　同義原則：

　　1. 四個選項中兩個或三個實詞(名、動、形、副)互為同義時，答案往往在其中。

　　2. 四個選項中當(dāng)兩個或三個虛詞互為同義詞是往往都不選，介詞，連詞，感嘆詞。

　　3. 當(dāng)四個選項有一個共同的意思時，該意思往往不能被選。邏輯關(guān)系題原則：最重要的一個(7個左右)，通過前后句的意思及其內(nèi)在關(guān)系來判定答案的題目。(本質(zhì)上是閱讀)。

　　內(nèi)容：對立>因果>并列>總分>遞進(jìn)。

　　1.表示對立關(guān)系：(3分) ①轉(zhuǎn)折：however、but、yet、nevertheless ②讓步：although、though、even though、even if 、much as、as，while、whereas 其它：against、instead of、rather than、admit、ignoring、on the contrary、by constrast。

　　對立關(guān)系考點： ①后句對前句直接否定是，叫轉(zhuǎn)折。當(dāng)后句是對前句間接部分否定時，叫讓步。Although和but，because和for不能在同一句中同時出現(xiàn)。Although、because從屬連詞。But、for(and)并列連詞。從屬連詞既可以放在句首，又可以放在句中，從屬連詞放在句中時前面一般不加逗號。而并列連詞只能放在句中，前面逗號可加可不加。For后面跟的是一個句就是連詞不可以放，如果只是一個名詞時就是介詞短語可以隨意放的. ②ough做副詞時可以插入狀語。放于中間時前后都要有逗號。 ③while和whereas的區(qū)別。While可引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語從句，whereas不行。

　　因果關(guān)系A(chǔ)是對比關(guān)系。C和d是并列關(guān)系用詞，但是文中分號的作用已經(jīng)說明邏輯關(guān)系，不用再用c和d。

　　Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28 to criticism.

　　26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding

　　27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with 表對立，c之所以不行使因為和also重復(fù)。

　　The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. __1__ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government can’t possibly __2__. To help homeless people __3__ independence, the federal government must support job training programs, __4__ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.

　　1. [A] Indeed [B] Likewise [C] Therefore [D] Furthermore Such…..that 表因果所以c不可選,重復(fù)了. 3并列關(guān)系.常用詞:and、as well as、likewise、while、similarly、simultaneously、meanwhile. And題三種做題方法:a,and前后選擇同意詞.2003 23.此考法比較少B.and前后考同一個范圍的詞。如03年25題。 C.句子對應(yīng)成分分析。如形對形。

　　A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants .

　　37. [A] off [B] down [C] out [D] alone Let down失望，沮喪let off 泄漏let out 淘汰let alone 更不用說，不用去管。

　　Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes.

　　21. [A] thought [B] idea [C] opinion [D] advice 句子之間的并列關(guān)系。Giveidea/opinion+on/about 搭配不對give advice to sb on sth。

　　Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.(2003)

　　21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting　　While可引導(dǎo)省略式的狀語從句的條件：一從句主語和主句主語相一致，二，從句是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。滿足這兩個條件后，從句的主語和系東西可省略。例：The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans.

　　48.[A] but [B] while [C] and [D] whereas The phenomenon is avoiding while:盡管，雖然當(dāng)…..的時候于此同時.④判斷對立關(guān)系的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：A.根據(jù)句子意思標(biāo)準(zhǔn). B.根據(jù)褒貶色彩。

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