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高中英語的考試寫作技巧
英語的作文在英語考試中，占的比例十分的更好，想要提升英語成績(jī)，英語寫作技巧是必不可少的。下面，小編為大家分享高中英語的考試寫作技巧，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!
要善于模仿
一些同學(xué)的辦法往往是背一堆范文，然后再到考場(chǎng)上進(jìn)行一個(gè)“剪切”、“粘貼”的工作，真正的模仿重點(diǎn)永遠(yuǎn)要放在一定的句式結(jié)構(gòu)上，而非個(gè)別的詞匯。有一個(gè)句式說：“…for the simple reason that…”表示某種現(xiàn)象的原因是什么，用在高考寫作中，我們就可以拿來解釋為什么自行車在中國如此的流行：“The bicycle is very popular in China for the simple reason that…”。然而，很多同學(xué)一談到原因仍然是“…because…”。如果要表示“總是能夠”的概念，很多同學(xué)提筆就會(huì)寫can always，但理想的句子應(yīng)該是用雙重否定表示強(qiáng)烈的肯定，用never fail to。
要靈活變通
在批改過上萬份同學(xué)們英語作文中，經(jīng)常能發(fā)現(xiàn)一些將中文生硬地翻譯成英文的表達(dá)法。有一句話叫做“立志如山，行道如水”，寫英文作文，一定要有決心把它 寫好，有信心把意思表達(dá)清楚，這是“立志如山”;但關(guān)鍵是遇到問題時(shí)要有個(gè)靈活的態(tài)度，能像流水一樣變通解決問題。有個(gè)翻譯界的故事說：在某大型國際會(huì)議 的招待會(huì)上，一道菜是用雞蛋做的。與會(huì)的客人問翻譯:“What is it made of”本來是非常簡(jiǎn)單的一個(gè)問題，結(jié)果翻譯太緊張，忘了“egg”這個(gè)詞，但是他急中生智，回答：“It is made of Miss Hen’s son.”這里，就是一個(gè)靈活變通的范例。繞道表達(dá)，是寫作中應(yīng)該常常運(yùn)用的一種方法。
要細(xì)心觀察
注意英語中一些表達(dá)上的習(xí)慣。比如在正式文體的寫作中，很少用 “it isn’t”這樣的略縮形式，而往往是一板一眼地寫作 “it is not”。同理，在正式文體中的日期一般不縮寫，阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字一般會(huì)用英文表達(dá)(特別長(zhǎng)的數(shù)字除外)。
許多同學(xué)在寫作文時(shí)，習(xí)慣于把“since”“because” “for”這樣的詞放在句首引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。事實(shí)上，在我們見到的英語報(bào)刊雜志文章中，這樣的從句一般都是放在主句之后的。另外, “and”也常常被誤放在一句話的開頭，表示兩個(gè)句子之間的并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。其實(shí)，經(jīng)常留心地道的英語文章能發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果是并列關(guān)系，完全可以不用連詞;如果是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，用“furthermore” “what is more”更為普遍。
要心有全局
英文寫作如果結(jié)構(gòu)意識(shí)良好，應(yīng)試寫作就簡(jiǎn)化成為一個(gè)填空的過程了，適當(dāng)?shù)靥钊胗^點(diǎn)、素材，文章就自然而然立起來了。
同學(xué)們要牢記英語寫作的基本要領(lǐng)，特編順口溜如下：細(xì)審題，巧構(gòu)思，列要點(diǎn)，防遺漏。寫日記，同漢語;書信，通知格式要牢記。看清圖表細(xì)梳理，寫人記事按順序;完稿后查遺漏，整潔干凈莫忘記。
靈活改變句子開頭
在通常情況下，英語句子的排列方式為“主語+謂語+賓語”，即主語位于句子開頭。但若根據(jù)情況適當(dāng)改變句子的開頭方式，比如使用倒?fàn)钫Z或以狀語開頭等，會(huì)使文章增強(qiáng)表現(xiàn)力。如：
(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山頂上有一座古廟。
(2) You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well.
只有這樣你才能把它做好。
(3) A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman.
窗戶邊坐著一個(gè)年輕婦女。
避免重復(fù)使用同一詞語
為了使表達(dá)更生動(dòng)，更富表現(xiàn)力，同學(xué)們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用同一詞語來表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常談的詞語。如有的同學(xué)一看到“喜歡”二字，就會(huì)立刻想起like，事實(shí)上，英語中表示類似意思的詞和短語很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
我喜歡看書，而我的兄弟卻喜歡看電視。
合理使用省略句
合理恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂檬÷跃洌粌H可以使文章精練、簡(jiǎn)潔，而且會(huì)使文章更具文采和可讀性。如：
(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?
→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙，要是這樣，我以后再來拜訪。要是不忙，我現(xiàn)在可以見他嗎?
(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.
→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.
如果天氣好，我們就去;如果天氣不好，我們就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.
→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.
她本可申請(qǐng)這份工作的，但她沒有。
適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)
非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)通常被認(rèn)為是一種高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，會(huì)給人一種熟練駕馭語言的印象。如：
(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
聽了這消息他們都高興得跳了起來。
(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址，我沒法和她聯(lián)系。
(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
他出生農(nóng)民家庭，只上過兩年學(xué)。
結(jié)合使用長(zhǎng)句與短句
在英語寫作中，過多地使用長(zhǎng)句或過多地使用短句都不好。正確的做法是，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況在文章中交替使用長(zhǎng)句與短語，使文章顯得錯(cuò)落有致，這樣不僅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章讀起來鏗鏘有力。如：
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.
中午我們曬著太陽吃野餐。休息一會(huì)兒后，我們唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，還有的講笑話、下棋，大家玩得很開心。
適當(dāng)使用短語代替單詞
(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.
他已決定長(zhǎng)大了當(dāng)老師。
(2) He doesnt like music.
→ He doesnt care much for music.
他不大喜歡音樂。
(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.
→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.
他告訴我當(dāng)下正在討論的問題。
恰當(dāng)套用某些固定表達(dá)
(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther.
他太累了，不能再往前走了。
(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.
這電影很有趣，學(xué)生和老師都很喜歡。
(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.
你的兒子已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大，可以自己照顧自己了。
盡量使句子帶點(diǎn)“洋味”
(1) Dont worry. Be bold and try it, and youll learn it soon.
→Dont worry. Just go for it, and youll get it soon.
別擔(dān)心，大膽試一試，你很快就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)的。
(2) Thank you for playing with us.
→Thank you for sharing the time with us.
謝謝你陪我玩。
綜合使用各類所謂的“高級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)
(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.
現(xiàn)在人人都知道這消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.
我們所能做的只是站在那兒，設(shè)法抓住違章者。
(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
如果她的語音不比她的老師好的話，至少也不會(huì)比她老師的差。
適當(dāng)使用名言警句點(diǎn)綴
在寫作時(shí)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況恰當(dāng)?shù)赜蒙弦粌删涿跃鋪睃c(diǎn)綴文章，不僅使文章顯得有深度、有智慧，而且會(huì)讓文章在評(píng)分中上一個(gè)“得分檔次”。如：
(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.
(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.
(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”
[高中英語的考試寫作技巧]
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