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threadLocal 原理與使用 -電腦資料

電腦資料 時(shí)間:2019-01-01 我要投稿
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目標(biāo):用于每個(gè)線(xiàn)程資源的隔離.

    當(dāng)工作于多線(xiàn)程中的對(duì)象使用ThreadLocal 維護(hù)變量時(shí),ThreadLocal 為 每個(gè)使用該變量的線(xiàn)程分配一個(gè)獨(dú)立的變量副本,

threadLocal 原理與使用

。每個(gè)線(xiàn)程獨(dú)立改變自己的副本,而不影響其他線(xiàn)程所對(duì)應(yīng)的變量副本。

    不同于線(xiàn)程同步:線(xiàn)程同步用于解決一個(gè)變量同一時(shí)刻被多個(gè)線(xiàn)程共享的問(wèn)題(共享一個(gè)變量)。

    threadLocal 使得一個(gè)變量在多個(gè)線(xiàn)程中各自擁有自己的副本(實(shí)現(xiàn)資源的隔離)。

原理:

    ThreadLocal 中有一個(gè)map, 用于存儲(chǔ)每一個(gè)線(xiàn)程的變量副本,其中map的key為 線(xiàn)程對(duì)象,value為對(duì)應(yīng)線(xiàn)程的變量副本。

<code class="hljs cs">public class SimpleThreadLocal<t>{    private Map valueMap = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap());    public void set(T value) {        valueMap.put(Thread.currentThread(), value);    }    public T get() {        Thread currentThread = Thread.currentThread();        T value = (T) valueMap.get(currentThread);        if(value == null && !valueMap.containsKey(currentThread)) {            value = initValue();            valueMap.put(currentThread, value);        }        return value;    }    public void remove() {        valueMap.remove(Thread.currentThread());    }    public T initValue() {        return null;    }}</t></code>

應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景:

    web應(yīng)用分層結(jié)構(gòu)中:同一變量在持久化,業(yè)務(wù),展示層傳遞時(shí)(同一線(xiàn)程)。

接口方法:

<code class="hljs cs">protected T initialValue(); //return the initial value for this thread-local    public T get(); //return the current thread's value of this thread-local    public void set(T value); //@param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of this thread-local.    public void remove(); //Removes the current thread's value for this thread-local variable.</code>

示例:

<code class="hljs cs">ThreadLocalContext.classpublic class ThreadLocalContext {    private static ThreadLocal<integer>threadLocalNum = new ThreadLocal<integer>() {        @Override        protected Integer initialValue() {            return 0;        }    };    public int getNextNum() {        threadLocalNum.set(threadLocalNum.get()+1);        return threadLocalNum.get();    }}</integer></integer></code>
<code class="hljs axapta">ThreadLocalTest.classpublic class ThreadLocalTest {    public static void main(String[] args) {        ThreadLocalContext threadLocalContext  = new ThreadLocalContext();        WorkThread workThread1 = new WorkThread(threadLocalContext);        WorkThread workThread2 = new WorkThread(threadLocalContext);        WorkThread workThread3 = new WorkThread(threadLocalContext);        workThread1.start();        workThread2.start();        workThread3.start();    }}class WorkThread extends Thread{    private ThreadLocalContext threadLocalContext;    public WorkThread(ThreadLocalContext threadLocalContext) {        this.threadLocalContext = threadLocalContext;    }    public void run() {        for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {            System.out.println("thread[" + Thread.currentThread().getName()                    + "] threadLocalNum [" + threadLocalContext.getNextNum() + "]");        }    }}</code>

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