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href="http://www.msguai.com/zuowen/duhougan/20110217144028_556113.html"> <em></em> <span id="x2vadh25c" class="excellent_title">《名師教學(xué)機(jī)智例談》讀后感</span> <span id="x2vadh25c" class="excellent_star">推薦度：<i></i></span> </a></li> <li id="x2vadh25c" class="excellent_articles_title">相關(guān)推薦</li> </ul> </div> <p>讀名師教學(xué)機(jī)智例談?dòng)懈?/p> 進(jìn)入新課程，撲面而來(lái)的是新詞匯引領(lǐng)的新理念。隨著新課程的縱深，新詞匯變成了舊詞匯，理念也說(shuō)得越來(lái)越順溜，而實(shí)踐――課堂操作――教師每天要做的事，或者說(shuō)，新理念在課堂教學(xué)中的實(shí)踐成為新的焦點(diǎn)。現(xiàn)在的課堂，“自主、合作、探究”已是一種新“常規(guī)”，隨之而來(lái)的課堂教學(xué)非線性結(jié)構(gòu)帶來(lái)了一些新挑戰(zhàn)，如“預(yù)設(shè)與生成――節(jié)外生枝怎么辦”、“有效學(xué)習(xí)――怎樣選擇教學(xué)策略”等，是我們實(shí)踐中常見(jiàn)困擾。這些問(wèn)題，名師當(dāng)然也會(huì)碰到，他（她）們是怎么應(yīng)對(duì)的，又是怎樣想的�！睹麕熃虒W(xué)機(jī)智》是一本名師的課堂實(shí)踐案例，記錄了名師的實(shí)踐及所思所想。通讀掩卷，三點(diǎn)感受： 1．“道”“術(shù)”結(jié)合生成智慧。教學(xué)機(jī)智表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的，做出來(lái)的，看得見(jiàn)的部分是“術(shù)”――教學(xué)過(guò)程的謀略與方法。其背后是教師自身的“道”――是教學(xué)過(guò)程中的信念、價(jià)值觀和倫理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是隱的部分�！暗馈睘樵瓌t，“術(shù)”為方法，內(nèi)外兼修，產(chǎn)生了教學(xué)機(jī)智。比如，學(xué)生層次不一，課堂上好學(xué)生常常“領(lǐng)先一步”，要學(xué)的內(nèi)容有的學(xué)生已經(jīng)知道了，上課時(shí)經(jīng)常要“叫”出來(lái)，怎么辦？名師們應(yīng)對(duì)方法不一：①有的名師請(qǐng)他做“評(píng)委”（p44、45）評(píng)判別的同學(xué)講得對(duì)不對(duì)；②有的名師處理成“請(qǐng)你悄悄地告訴老師”；③有的名師則順勢(shì)應(yīng)接話題：“對(duì)不對(duì)呢，我們來(lái)驗(yàn)證一下吧”（p10）。這些應(yīng)對(duì)，結(jié)果都是讓教師繼續(xù)面向大多數(shù)學(xué)生展開后續(xù)教學(xué)，但效果不同。第一種應(yīng)對(duì)，好學(xué)生更加專注傾聽其它同學(xué)發(fā)言了，因?yàn)橛性u(píng)委的責(zé)任在身。第二種應(yīng)對(duì)，好學(xué)生暫時(shí)會(huì)不發(fā)出聲音影響別人，只悄悄地告訴老師――有一種神秘感，不過(guò)只有老師知道，而沒(méi)有同學(xué)敬佩的眼光似乎有點(diǎn)不過(guò)癮。第三種應(yīng)對(duì)，暫時(shí)冷處理，順勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)移話題，好學(xué)生可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)失落。很難判定哪種效果好，但都不是簡(jiǎn)單制止，粗暴斥責(zé)。效果的不同折射了教師“道”的不同――學(xué)生觀，道有境界，術(shù)就有高低。很贊賞書的一句話：“一滴水能折射太陽(yáng)的光芒”，也許，瞬間的靈感僅僅是課堂教學(xué)的一個(gè)點(diǎn)，一個(gè)側(cè)面，但從中我們能夠透析出教育行為背后的，但卻是自覺(jué)的教育思考、教育智慧和教育理念。（p57　徐芳《游戲帶來(lái)了靈感》） 2．教學(xué)機(jī)智是一種情景性知識(shí)。需要我們不斷在課堂中錘煉。教學(xué)機(jī)智表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的行為很難模仿。因?yàn)檫@些應(yīng)對(duì)是在一定的情景中有效，離開了特定場(chǎng)合很難說(shuō)是“智”，這是我讀《教學(xué)中出現(xiàn)10個(gè)意外怎么辦》一文時(shí)的感覺(jué)。在讀的時(shí)候總覺(jué)得提出的問(wèn)題很好，很對(duì)，但所給出的指導(dǎo)“隔靴搔癢”，從某種角度去看，還很不“智”。因此，名師的機(jī)智（如《變被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)》、《弄拙成巧》）我們可以去揣摩，思考其背后理念；可以去引申，假想不同的情況他們會(huì)如何應(yīng)對(duì)。更應(yīng)該在實(shí)踐中積累案例，反思場(chǎng)景，積極應(yīng)對(duì)。 3．怎樣生成智慧（1）行思結(jié)合，且行且思�！霸谝庾R(shí)中思索的東西只有讓它在潛意識(shí)中醞釀一些時(shí)候才會(huì)成熟。功夫沒(méi)有錯(cuò)用的，你自己以為勞而不獲，但是你在潛意識(shí)中實(shí)在仍然于無(wú)形中收效果。”（p6　引自朱光潛《談美》）這段話非常形象地描述了智慧迸發(fā)的前提，也就是說(shuō)，智慧不是憑空生成的，不是“飛來(lái)石”，而是厚積的結(jié)果，是平時(shí)的積淀遇上特定的情景自然綻放的美麗。（2）要利用機(jī)會(huì)教不同的學(xué)生。從名師的案例中可以看出，教學(xué)機(jī)智和教師的專業(yè)知識(shí)密切相關(guān)。教師的專業(yè)知識(shí)至少有三種：本體性知識(shí)、條件性知識(shí)和實(shí)踐性知識(shí)。本體性知識(shí)和條件性知識(shí)的來(lái)源主要是經(jīng)授受獲得，或來(lái)自書本、或得自進(jìn)修等，獲得的多少與深淺與我們自身的學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)。而實(shí)踐性知識(shí)的獲得主要來(lái)自自身，一方面自己要有悟性，另一方面取決于交往的學(xué)生。不同的學(xué)生有不同的思維，教師交往的學(xué)生類型越多，自己的應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)越多。我們自己都有主教的班級(jí)，一般個(gè)把月的時(shí)間，師生之間就比較熟悉了，因此我們的預(yù)設(shè)也少有意外，少有機(jī)會(huì)磨煉我們的機(jī)智。我們不能像名師那樣有機(jī)會(huì)在全國(guó)各地上課，但可以在同年級(jí)、校內(nèi)其它班級(jí)、支部片等進(jìn)行借班上課，在適度的未知情況中工作更能激發(fā)出我們內(nèi)在智慧。<script>s("content_relate");</script><p>【讀名師教學(xué)機(jī)智例談?dòng)懈小肯嚓P(guān)文章：</p><p><a target="_blank" 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